Abstract: | Macin Mountains are situated in the SE of Roma nia, Tulcea County, and was build during Hercinic orogenesis. The maximum height of this mountainous massif are somehow over 400 meters and it develops as a parallel peaks, NW-SE oriented, placed where the Danube is turning, in the NW of Tulcea County [Cotul Pisicii (Cat’s turning)]. Macin Mountains are one of that tree subunits of well-defined Dobrogean Horst with distinct tectonic and stratigraphic evolution, the other two being Triassic region of Tulcea and Babadag region, which is newly sedimentary basin, finalized in Cretacic era.
The upper and lower relief shapes, defined by the range of tiers, Islander Mountains, valley-lane are, from the genetic and evolutionary view, the result of a long time process of crushing and modeling, started at the end of Paleozoic era. Although they are undersized (sometimes looking like hills), the Macin Mountains individualizes in the north Dobrogean geographic scenery by sharpened and rocky heights, steep slops from where it starts screes to the base.
Generally, the climate is a continental excessive one, with warm summers and mild winters.
The National Park of Macin Mountains has 11140.2 ha, 99.7% representing forest and 0.3% grassland. The characteristic of this park is represented by the forest ecosystems that ensure ecological stability and most propitious habitat for distinctive herbaceous species. The north-dobrogean forests, complex ecosystems of steppe and forest steppe, are mostly constituted from a deciduous brush mixture, where the basic species are common oak, in the north, and the grey oak and fluffy oak, in the south of the park.
The National Park of Macin Mountains own and protect a great diversity of flora and fauna species, most of them being very rare for Romania and the rest of the world and some special habitats of Dobrogea: west-pontic steppes of feather grass, Thymus zigioides, Moesic fluffy oak forest with Paeonia peregrina, grey oak, linden tree and hornbeam. Silene compacta can be found at the northern limit of the worldwide specific spreading and Potentilla bifurca, at the western limit. Some of vulnerable species, included on the Red List, can be founded too: Campanula romanica, Moehringia grisebachi, Galanthus plicatus, and Dianthus nardiformis.
Dobrogea’s heteroptera studies are dating from the second half of XX century and was made by Geza Horvath, A. L. Montandon, Maurice Jaquet, O. M. Reuter, Sienkiewicz and Paraschivescu (1963), Negru ªtefan (1967), for the south of Dobrogea. For the north of Dobrogea, precisely for the Macin-Tulcea-Niculitel region, the studies was made by Kiss B., in 1976, the author mentioned 239 species of heteroptera which belongs to 28 families. |
