In the last years, huge progresses were made in the understanding of diabetes mellitus multifactorial determinism; candidate genes were proposed for both I and II types of diabetes and the polygenic transmission pathway of genetic predisposition was described (Hattersley and Pearson, 2006). Still, diabetes remain a disease which surprises us by its high morbidity rates and its complications; despite the permanent progress of its treatment diabetes is a social disease, an important problem of public health and a permanent problem for the clinician and geneticist (Patraº et al., 2003).