QUALITY AND TEXTURAL PROPERTIES EVALUATION OF GLUTEN-FREE BISCUIT DEVELOPED FROM MAIZE, RICE, BUCKWHEAT, AND SOYBEAN

PRAVIN OJHA(1*), GANGA PATHAK(2), SUSHMA MAHARJAN(1), UTSHAH MANANDHAR(1), SOPHI MAHARJAN(1), ROMAN KARKI(1)

1. National Food Research Centre, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, 44700, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
2. Department of Food Technology, Padmashree International College, 44600, Kathmandu, Nepal
*Corresponding author: projha84@gmail.com

Abstract

The research aims to develop a gluten-free biscuit from composite flour of maize, rice, buckwheat, and soybean by replacing wheat flour. Biscuits were prepared from four formulations of maize (40 parts), rice (20-35 parts), buckwheat (5-20 parts), and soybean (10 parts). The chemical, physical, textural, and sensory characteristics of the prepared biscuit were analyzed and compared with the control biscuit (wheat flour only). The fat (%), crude fiber (%), ash (%), and iron (mg%) of the formulated biscuits were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control biscuit, whereas phosphorous (mg/100 g) was found to be similar (p < 0.05). The spread ratio of all the formulated biscuits was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the control biscuit. The hardness of formulated biscuits was found to be similar (p < 0.05) to the control biscuit, whereas the fracturability of the control biscuit was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than prepared gluten-free biscuits. The preference was high for the control biscuit than for gluten-free biscuits, but no formulations were found inferior based on sensory evaluation. The research concludes that other cereals and legumes excluding wheat have a good potential for the preparation of gluten-free biscuits.

Keywords

fracturability hardness protein spread-ratio