HERBICIDE AND FOLIAR FERTILIZER EFFECTS ON CABERNET SAUVIGNON WINE VOLATILES
Dimitar R. Dimitrov (1*), Neli N. Prodanova-Marinova (2), Nikolay I. Iliev (2), Dushko D. Nedelkovski (3)
1. Agricultural Academy, Institute of Viticulture and Enology, Department of Vine Selection, Enology and Chemistry, 1 Kala Tepe str. 5800, Pleven, Bulgaria
2. Agricultural Academy, Institute of Viticulture and Enology, Department of Plant Protection, 1 Kala Tepe str. 5800, Pleven, Bulgaria
3. University Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Institute of Agriculture, Department of Viticulture, Skopje, 16 Makedonska Brigada 3A str., N. Macedonia
*Corresponding author: dimitar_robertov@abv.bg
Abstract
The influence of combined treatment with herbicides and foliar fertilizers on the volatile composition (by GC-FID) of four harvests (2021 – 2024) red wines of the Cabernet Sauvignon variety from the region of Central Northern Bulgaria was studied. The strongest influence (in two of the harvests – 2022 and 2023) on the accumulation of high final levels of total volatile compounds and the highest total accumulation of esters in the wines was exerted by the single treatment with herbicides (variant V2). It was found that the treatments with herbicides and foliar fertilizers alone or in combination led to the synthesis of higher levels of total higher alcohols in the experimental variants, compared to the untreated control. This indicated for an influence on improved amino acid metabolism in the grapevine plant, and from there the synthesis (by metabolic degradation of amino acids by yeast) of higher levels higher alcohols in the young wines. The main higher alcohols were 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-methyl-1-butanol. Ethyl acetate and isopropyl acetate dominated the ester fraction, and there were no clear trends in terms of terpenes.