Volume 11 (2006)

ANALYSIS OF THE VARIATION IN DIVERSITY OF DIATOMS FROM THE DANUBE DELTA'S LAKES

LILIANA TÖRÖK

The concept of diversity has a lot of meanings and there are different menthods to estimate the diversity. One of these methods combines the species richness and the abundance of species (Shannon-Wiener index) providing a good evaluation of the diversity (MAGURAN, 1983). The present work describes the general model of the variation of the diatoms diversity index in the lakes of the Danube Delta.

PARTIAL RESULTS REGARDING THE ACTUAL STAGE OF SPONTANEOUS SPECIES IN DANUBE DELTA, USED AS VEGETABLES AND MEDICINAL HERBS

MARGARETA ORDEAN, VICTOR POPESCU, RUXANDRA CIOFU

The corm fits flora in Danube Delta has been concerning many researchers, noting over 300 works referring to different groups of plants: swamp and water plants, ligneous plants, plants that are important for pisciculture, sand plants, etc. According to these data, within the Delta grow 955 species of spontaneous corm fits, and their number could rise through artificial introduction of other species by human, trough his various interventions, or it could decrease trough the severe alteration of certain biotypes. Nevertheless the environmental and relief modifications following an unscientific program of economical operation brings the necessity of continuous flora and vegetation study, with an emphasis on the research of species’ yearly dynamics. Regarding their multiple ethno botanical utilizations, the studies have been less elaborated both from the fundamental and applied research point of view, on fields of traditional activity. The vegetables and medicinal herbs are of a special importance for this field, as they have been the object of study since ancient times to the present day. Herbal therapeutics developed these days, successfully proving that medicinal herbs, regardless their origin and systematic position, own their therapeutic actions to one or many chemical materials elaborated by their cells, termed active vegetable elements. The hereby research represents a section of the study undertaken between 2003-2004, aiming to the identification of species used as vegetables and medicinal herbs among the spontaneous flora in Danube Delta, establishment of biological features for the plants identified on field, establishment of their alimentary and medical importance and the determination of their chemical composition and their content of active elements.

FLORA AND VEGETATION OF WASTE DUMP OF SLUDGE AT THE SUGAR FACTORY –PASCANI

MIHAI COSTICĂ, NAELA COSTICĂ, ANIŞOARA STRATU

Solving the problems related to depositing the industrial and domestic waste and its impact on the environment should represent o priority for the responsible authorities, scientists and people in general. The fields of depositing the mud from the sugar factory in Pascani, during its period of functioning, collected the water coming from the technological process of washing and transporting the sugar beet. They are situated on the north-east direction, at about 1 km from the factory and they have a surface of 398,238 square meters. The volume of mud deposited on average per day, in the period of the factory functioning, was 585 m3. For a processing of 4000 tones/day during about 70 days, the result was 12,000 t of mud from the operations of transport and washing. The mud was pumped out by means of mud pumps. For 4000 t/day of processed beet the deposit was, in about 40 days, 15,200 t of technological mud.

COMPARISON OF THE PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE CLASS ELYNO-SESLERIETEA BR.-BL. 1948 FROM THE CEAHLÃU MOUNTAIN

OANA ZAMFIRESCU, ŞTEFAN R. ZAMFIRESCU, TOADER CHIFU

The class Elyno-Seslerietea is represented in the study area by three associations [4, 10] of the alliance Festuco saxatilis-Seslerion bielzii Coldea 1984, order Seslerietea albicantis Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1962: Ass. Diantho tenuifolii-Festucetum amethystinae Coldea 1984, Ass. Seslerio bielzii-Caricetum sempervirentis Puºcaru et al. 1956, and Ass. Seslerio-Festucetum versicolor Beldie 1967 [9]. The objective of our study was to compare and contrast the plant communities of the above-mentioned associations by their abiotic and biotic characteristics.

ARTIFICIALLY FORESTRY ECOSYSTEMS FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF THE DEGRADED SOILS IN GALATI COUNTY

MARIA CONTOMAN, AURELIAN RELU PALADE, MARIA MURARIU

The use of landed resources within agricultural ecosystems presupposes a thorough knowledge of the ways of manifestation and evolution of all restrictive factors. As a consequence, we must perform pedological studies periodically which offer a primary database of morphological and physico-chemical characteristics on soil-mapping units (SU) and homogeneous ecological territory (HET). Through detailed soil surveys and soil evaluation we achieve a set of graphical and descriptive database which are necessary for the assessment, classification and evaluation of the soil resources of a given geographical area. The soil cover is being studied in accordance with natural and anthropic factors which determine its natural qualities and fertility, with soil suitability for developing natural and cultivated phytocenoses. Soil production capacity for various agricultural utilizations depends on general restrictive factors, such as: frequent drought, water-logging, erosion, landslides, etc. All these factors determine soil quality degradation leading to the decrease in agricultural land production capacity. From an I.C.P.A. assessment carried out together with regional offices for pedological and agrochemical studies and other research units upon 12 million ha of agricultural lands ( out of which about 7.5 million ha arable land), soil quality is affected by one or more restrictions. They are determined by either natural factors or human activity. Legislative measures have been taken with a view to improving soil degradation in our country and abroad. So, Law No. 137 /1995, concerning environmental protection, stipulates that the central authority for environmental protection and by consulting other ministries, has established a monitoring system for soil quality in order to know its actual state and evolution. According to Decree No. 62 / August 21, 1998, a legal frame has been set up for improving about 2.5 million ha of degraded lands.