Volume 27, No. 2 (2018)
Articles
DETERMINATION OF RHEUM RHAPONTICUM L. EXTRACTS INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY FOR APHIDIDAE PESTS CONTROLLING
ALLA GLADCAIA, MARIA ZAVATIN, LEONID VOLOSCIUC
The rhubarb root, leaves and inflorescence extracts are a source of various bioactive substances. As part of the chemical raw materials from Rheum rhaponticum, 3 basic bioactive substances, that are promising for the creation of plant protection products, can be identified - emodin (pesticide, antifidant, bactericide, fungicide), quercetin (antifidant for flying insects, pesticide, bactericide, antiviral, aldose-reductase inhibitor) and oxalic acid (antiseptic, activator). The action of R. rhaponticum extracts on the Aphididae family pests was determined. Insecticidal activity of rhubarb leaves extract against aphids (57.8%) allows using it in environmental protection of plants in combination with insecticides, in order to reduce the number of chemical treatments.
THE INFLUENCE OF INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION OF TRICHOGRAMMA SP. TO MASS MULTIPLICATION
LIDIA GAVRILITA
As a result of the laboratory experiments, it has been established that along the 4 generations in mixed populations of T. evanescens Westw. and T. pintoi Voeg., gradual substitution of T. evanescens by T. pintoi occurs. The mechanism of interspecific competition on grain moth eggs was established. In the field of cereal, technical and vegetable crops, T. evanescens is dominant specie (up to 95-99%). T. pintoi represents a laboratory population, which’s preferred host is Siotroga cerealella Ol.. In the presence of the two species of Trichogramma in the biotope, their quantitative ratio depends on the specific conditions of climate and resource of preferred host’s egg. Biological indices for T. pintoi are higher than ones of T. evanescens. Therefore, in the laboratory conditions we substitute T. evanescens by T. pintoi, but in the field it’s opposite.
ASSESSMENT OF THE SUPPRESSION METHOD OF THE POPULATION OF HELIOTHIS ARMIGERA Hbn. IN SOYA CROPS BY THE CONSECUTIVE USE OF DIFFERENT BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
TUDOR NASTAS, VALERIA CHEPTINARI, LIDIA GAVRILITA, NATALIA BRADOVSCAIA, ELIZAVETA JELEZNEAC
It was proven that, due to the consecutive use of the mass capturing method (12 pheromonal traps per hectare), about 1521 males of the insect Heliothis armigera have been removed – as a result, about 40% females remained unfertilized. Consequently, due to the 4 launchings of the entomophage Trichogramma evanescens 50% of the insect eggs laid on the soy plants have been infested on an average. Then, after making 7 launchings of the entomophage Bracon hebetor about 52% of the larvae of this insect have been infested. One by one, the result of using biologic agents allowed decreasing soy plant infestation up to 3% compared to 44% of infested plants in the reference variant.
USE OF THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL TECHNOLOGY OF PRODUCTS STORED IN TACKLING COMPLEX GRAIN MOTHS
LIDIA GAVRILITA
Before launch, in the warehouse the biological indexes were determined of Trichogramma pintoi. The indexes were: a prolific female 31.9-a female egg, exclusion of the individuals 91.6%, female share 60.4%, static criterion of the quality 17.4. With the scope of determination of the moth’s parasitized eggs number by T. pintoi, in the warehouse from Chisinau, an artificial fond has been created to have a more precise evidence, by fixing 120 cards on the walls of the warehouse, window, machinery, with an amount of 12.000 eggs of Sitotroga cerealella preliminarily irradiated with gamma rays. In this warehouse T. pintoi has been launched in capsules, with a rate of 1:1 (host: parasite), meaning 12.000 moth eggs to 12.000 Trichogramma females. The cards have been later on gathered and analyzed in depth, this way being examined the number of parasitized and exhibited eggs. The results were 61.8 to 80.24% of parasitation.
STUDY OF VARIABILITY OF SERIAL PARATHORMONE ON PATIENTS DIALIZED
MARIA PRISECARU(1), COCUŢA BARABAŞ(2), IONUŢ STOICA(1), GABRIEL ALIN IOSOB(3)
87 dialysis patients aged between 21 and 88 years who were admitted to the Nephrology and Hemodialysis Section of the Bacau Emergency County Hospital during the year 2016 with various severe kidney diagnoses were investigated, most of whom had chronic renal disease or chronic renal failure in various stages. The serum levels of parathormone, calcium and phosphorus were determined in these patients. From the data obtained, there is a very high correlation between the values of PTH and phosphorus values, between these two parameters there is a close interdependence. In chronic kidney disease, the more advanced the stage, the better the ability of the kidneys to properly excrete the phosphate, causing hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcaemia and PTH growth.
SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF BIOTA FROM SEVERAL SPRINGS LOCATED IN THE APUSENI MOUNTAINS, ROMANIA
MANUELA MICLE, ANCA-MIHAELA ŞUTEU, LAURA MOMEU, PAULA COMAN, KARINA PAULA BATTES, MIRELA CÎMPEAN
Invertebrate and diatom communities from five springs located in the Apuseni Mountains (Transylvania, Romania) were considered for the present study. Invertebrates were sampled in winter, spring and summer 2017 using zoobenthic nets. Amphipodes and oligochetes were the most abundant and frequent taxa in all sampled springs. Stoneflies, ostracods and chironomids also recorded high abundances, but lower frequencies. No seasonal dynamics was observed, because no significant differences were identified between the sampling seasons. Similar taxa were present at every site, differing only in their relative abundances. This could be caused by the relative constancy of physico-chemical parameters measured in the sampling sites. Diatoms were only considered in summer 2017 at the same sampling sites, and the dominant taxa were identified.
NOTES ON THE HERPETOFAUNA OF THE ”DEALUL CIOCAŞ - DEALUL VIŢELULUI” NATURA 2000 SITE (ROMANIA)
DANIEL-ŞTEFAN GHIURCĂ, CIPRIAN SORIN ROŞU
Our investigations regarding herpetofauna of Dealul Ciocaş - Dealul Viţelului Natura 2000 Site were made in the year 2015. In the studied region we identified 6 species of amphibians: Triturus cristatus, Bombina variegata, Bufotes viridis, Hyla arborea, Pelophylax ridibundus, Rana temporaria and 2 reptile species: Lacerta agilis and Natrix natrix. Of these species, the best represented in terms of geographical distribution are: Bombina variegata, Rana temporaria and Lacerta agilis. Their distribution within an around the Dealul Ciocaş - Dealul Viţelului Natura 2000 Site is discussed, together with ecological data, correlating these with the local climate influences and endangering factors of the species.
BIOLUMINESCENT ASSAY FOR VIABILITY OF AZOTOBACTER SP. FROM DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS
RAHELA CARPA, ALEXEI REMIZOVSCHI
Poly-β-hydroxybutyrates producing Azotobacter strains were isolated from zones with heterogenous environmental conditions from Romanian Carpathians and Transylvanian Plateau: alpine, karstic and xeric meadows and flood plain. These strains were grown on Azotobacter specific media with different carbon sources (mannitol and sucrose). In order to assess the cell viability the following parameters were determined: optical density – by spectrophotometry; viability – by measuring ATP quantity based on bioluminescence luciferase reaction but also using plate culture method of numbering the viable cells, proteins concentration – by Lowry method. The viability assessed by ATP measuring was checked by numbering the viable cells from Petri dishes stained with methylene blue.
NOTES ON THE HERPETOFAUNA OF THE CĂLIMANI NATIONAL PARK (ROMANIA)
DANIEL-ŞTEFAN GHIURCĂ, CIPRIAN SORIN ROŞU
Our investigations regarding herpetofauna of Călimani National Park were made between years 2011-2013. In the studied region we identified 6 species of amphibians: Salamandra salamandra, Ichthyosaura alpestris, Lissotriton montandoni, Bombina variegata, Bufo bufo, Rana temporaria and 4 reptile species: Lacerta agilis, Zootoca vivipara, Anguis colchica and Vipera berus. Of these species, the best represented in therms of geographical distribution are: Bombina variegata, Rana temporaria and Zootoca vivipara. Their distribution within an around the Călimani National Park is discussed, together with ecological data, correlating these with the local climate influences and endangering factors of the species.
THE STUDY OF ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY DIVERSITY IN ZAGHEN RESTORED WETLAND
IASEMIN SALI, IULIANA MIHAELA TUDOR
The Zooplankton species richness found in Zaghen wetland area, located in the eastern part of Tulcea, were studied in four stations, during June to September 2017. The present investigation reveals 85 taxa of zooplankton which includ rotifera, showing highest diversity of 56 taxa followed by that of copepoda with 15 taxa, cladocera with 14 taxa and Chironomidae larvae (Diptera). This study was necessary to evaluate the ecological status of the Zaghen reservoir after restoring the functions as they are important in nutritive level and evaluating as well as ameliorating pollution status and thus used for determining the health of an aquatic ecosystem. Zaghen wetland aims to restore functions of wet ecosystems lost as a result of anthropogenic activities carried out in the 1970s and aimed at expanding Romania's agricultural area to the detriment of natural ecosystems. During the 2012 to 2015, a rehabilitation flood regime was carried aut. This study was to implement the conservation of biological diversity, natural habitat, wild flora and fauna species in this wetland.
STUDY ON INFECTION WITH RABIC VIRUS IN WILD AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
MARIA PRISECARU(1), IONUŢ STOICA(1), GABRIEL ALIN IOSOB(2)
During the 2014-2017 study, 226 wild animals and 140 domestic animals suspected of rabies were investigated. Laboratory analyzes were performed on a number of 366 samples by three working methods, namely the direct fingerprint immunofluorescence (IFD) test, the bioprobe of white laboratory mice and the histological examination. 147 cases of wild rabbits were confirmed in wild and domestic animals, with the highest number of cases being recorded in foxes: 105 foxes, 14 dogs, 9 cattle, 5 cats, 4 sheep, 3 wolves, 3 deer, 2 wild cats, a boar and a ferret.
STUDY OF THE EARLY BLIGHT AT TOMATO SEEDLING IN ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
MARIA CALIN(1), TINA OANA CRISTEA(1), SILVICA AMBĂRUŞ(1), CREOLA BREZEANU(1), PETRE MARIAN BREZEANU(1), MARCEL COSTACHE(2), GABRIELA ŞOVĂREL(2), LILIANA BRATU(2), MARIA PRISECARU(3)
The best efficacy in control of early blight at tomato in the germination phase of the seeds was the variant treated with bordelae - 0.5%, the percentage of healthy plants after 7 days infection with Alternaria sp. being 90%. However, a strong retardant effect was observed on both the stem and the embryonic root, with a smaller growth rate of 54% for the root and 47.31% for the strain. In variant 1 the efficacy was 85%, the increase of the root and the strain being smaller compared to the uninfected variant, with 8.5% and 11.5%, respectively. Variant 4 demonstrated that although 0.5% nettle macerate treatment is not a fungicide, 50% of tomato plants have been stimulated to develop tolerance and vegetation following infection with Alternaria sp. In this case, there was also a reduction of the root and embryonic stem growth by 19.3 and 37.6%, respectively. The variant treated with Funres - 0.25% and Blocks - 0.25% did not survive infection with Alternaria sp in the germination phase. In open field variant 5, treated with bordelae - 0.5% had the best efficacy - 84.5%, followed by variant 1, with an efficiency of 71.8%. The variants treated with nettle macerate and Blocks had a lower efficacy of 54.3% and 53.3%, respectively. The variant treated with Funres showed a lack of efficacy in control of tomato early blight. Percentage of healthy plants varied depending on the fungicides being 96% in variant 5 treated with bordelamine - 0.5%, 92% in variant 1 treated with 0.25% Condor (based on Trichoderma atroviride and Glomus spp) and 88% in variants treated with 0.5% nettle macerate and Blocks – 0,25%.
CORRELATION BETWEEN PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND AQUATIC MACROONEVERTEBRATES FROM THE MIDDLE AND LOWER COURSE OF SIRET RIVER, ROMANIA
ROXANA NECHIFOR, VIOLETA NĂSTUNEAC
The structure of aquatic macroinvertebrates communities reflects the quality of water over time. To determine the influence of water quality on macroinvertebrates, we analyzed the correlations between the general physical and chemical parameters and four biological indices calculated on the basis of macro-invertebrates. Samples of water and macroinvertebrates were taken from six sections located on the middle and lower course of the Siret River for a period of four years. We analyzed the linear relationship between physicochemical parameters and biological indices and we have obtained significant correlations between them. Knowing these correlations, we can predict the evolution of the macro-invertebrates structure according to changes in the chemical structure of the water.
OBSERVATION ON GROWTH IN CAPTIVITY OF AMPHIBIAN SPECIES FROM SALAMANDRIDAE FAMILY - SALAMANDRA SALAMANDRA SUB-SPECIES SALAMANDRA (LINNAEUS,1758)
GABRIEL ALIN IOSOB(1), MARIA PRISECARU(2), IONUŢ STOICA(2)
Finding solutions to cope with the decline and extinction of amphibians is one of the greatest global challenges nowadays. Frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and gimnophiona according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) estimate that at least one third of the known amphibian species are threatened with extinction, a higher rate than birds and mammals put in one place. Major threats to amphibians include habitat loss or degradation and chitridiomycosis, an infectious disease with devastating effect on the decline or mass extinction of amphibian populations worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to provide information for a good growth of Salamandra salamandra subspecies salamandra for the conservation of this species, if we are confronted in Romania with the fungal infection produced by Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, this is a pathogenic fungus what was described in 2013 on the basis of a strain collected from the skin of salamander's skin (S. salamandra). Through these observations we have obtained important data on larval aquarium behavior, larval development, aquarium larvae regeneration, metamorphosis, development of larval metamorphosis and adaptation to captive conditions. The study may contribute to the knowledge and conservation of this species.
WATER QUALITY ALTERATION REFLECTED IN THE STRUCTURE OF FISH COMMUNITIES IN THE BASIN OF VEDEA RIVER (DANUBE TRIBUTARY, ROMANIA)
DOREL URECHE, CAMELIA URECHE
The study was carried out in 2007 in Vedea River catchment area, including three of its tributaries (Plapcea, Cotmeana. Teleorman), and one of Teleorman River tributary (Clanita). Our research aims to contribute to the knowledge update by analyzing the structure of the fish communities in this area, and also to assess the state of fish communities from the ecological point of view. Comparing the structure of fish communities in our study with that of a recent study in Vedea River catchment area we could highlight the main differences between the structures of fish communities in the two period.
INVOLVING THYROIDIAN HORMONES IN HUMAN PATHOLOGY
MARIA PRISECARU(1), IONUŢ STOICA(1), DENISA HANGANU(1), GABRIEL ALIN IOSOB(2)
The study presented is based on data provided by Katimed Medical Center Piatra Neamt. The research was performed on a group of 150 patients aged between 9 and 85 years, both female and male in the urban environment. All patients were evaluated for thyroid function as part of the routine evaluation prescribed by the family doctor or specialist. Hormonal dosages were performed from venous blood harvested á - jun. For the dosing of TSH, FT4 and ATPO, the enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) was used as an automatic ELISA method with final reading in the fluorescence method, with the MiniVIDAS analyzer, Biomerieux France manufacturer. Of the total thyroid dysfunction, the highest percentage (55%) is held by hypothyroidism, followed by hyperthyroidism (21%), the third place being occupied by those with thyroid hormone resistance (13%) and the last place by those with autoimmune thyroiditis (11%).
QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONTROL IN THE LABORATORY OF MEDICAL ANALYSIS
DANIELA TIŢĂ, IRINA ZAHARIA
The quality of data obtained by laboratory specialists and provided to the clinician should inspire confidence in both. The intensification of the supervision of the work in the medical analysis laboratory led to the definition of the complex concept of quality control and to the specification of the systems through which the action translates into fact. A successful medical act depends to a large extent on the accuracy of the results provided by the medical analysis laboratories. In the clinical laboratory practice, these investigations consist of three phases: 1. preanalytical phase (extra and intra-laboratory); 2. analytical phase; 3. the post-analytical phase. Specialty studies have shown that the proportion of errors in the pre-analytical phase reaches up to 80% [2].
MANAGEMENT OF EXTERNAL CONTROL IN LABORATORIES OF MEDICAL ANALYSIS
DANIELA TIŢĂ, IRINA ZAHARIA
Patient safety is one of the important dimensions of quality, being extremely important for all healthcare activities, including the work of medical laboratories. 70-80% of medical diagnoses and medical conduct are based on tests performed by medical laboratory specialists [2]. External quality control as a medical service is a tool that measures the efficacy and comparability of measurement methods used by medical laboratories [4]. The role of external quality control for medical laboratories is to: - contribute to providing reliable and comparable results to patients so that a patient is not healthy on the basis of an analytical report issued by a laboratory and ill on the basis of another analysis bulletin (issued by another laboratory or even by same laboratory at close times), - save money in the public and private system by providing results of medical analyzes of patients leading to the most accurate and complex medical diagnosis [4].