Volume 21, No. 2 (2020)
Articles
EVALUATION OF BILE ACIDS-BINDING CAPACITY AND TYROSINASE INHIBITOR POTENCY OF NOVEL PEPTIDES PREPARED FROM AGRICULTURAL WASTES VIA ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS
REHAB A. AL- AZZOUNY(1), OLA S. ALI(2),SANAA T. EL-SAYED(1*),
The objective of this study was to prepare bile acids-binding and tyrosinase inhibitory peptides for industrial potential application. Proteins were extracted from Brassica olercea (cauliflower) midribs, Corchorus olitorius (corchorus) stems and Vicia faba (broad bean) leaves then were subjected to hydrolysis by immobilized lettuce protease. For maximum peptides production, the influence of incubation temperatures, and substrate concentrations on the hydrolysis processes were investigated. Peptides were fractionated by ultrafiltration into three fractions according to their molecular weight. Corchorus (fractions F2 and F1) and broad bean (fraction F1) peptides showed bile acids-binding higher than that bind by cholestyramine resin. They may have potential application as a cholesterol-reducing agent for hypercholestermic patients. Cauliflower (F2 and F1) and corchorus (fraction F1) peptides showed tyrosinase inhibitor potency higher than that by kojic acid. They may have potential application as a whitening agent.
APPROBATION AND BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH OF “CORIANDER PETROZELINE”
VIKTORIIA S. KALYNA(1), MARYNA V. LUTSENKO(2), YURIY O. TCHOURSINOV(1), KATERINA V. KUNITSA(3), MYKOLA M. KHARYTONOV(1*)
The certain organoleptic and physicochemical properties of “Coriander petrozeline” were specified. Comparative analysis of bakery fat was conducted. It was established the semi-solid fraction of fatty coriander oil - the “Coriander petrozeline” can be defined as a special fat for baking. The expediency of using the “Coriander petrozeline” in the recipes of bakery products with the complete replacement of usual fatty ingredient - margarine was discovered. The test baked goods were made from the high quality wheat flour to determine the impact of “Coriander petrozeline” on the quality indicators of bakery products. The advantage of “Coriander petrozeline” using lies also in the fact that the technological process of manufacturing products does not change after its inception. The biomedical research of “Coriander petrozeline” was conducted by feeding it to laboratory rats. It was established that the results of biochemical studies of blood serum of white linear rats are within the limits of control healthy parameters of animals. It was proved that “Coriander petrozeline” is a hygienically safe food product and promising ingredient for application in the food industry.
GENOTYPING CHARACTERIZATIONS ADN ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF STREPTOCOCCUS THERMOPHILUS STRAINS ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT YOGURT BRANDS
HUA W. ZENG†(1*), FEI L. XU†(2), YUN C. GUO(2), XIU M. LIU(2*)
This paper reported antibiotic resistance and PFGE genetic typing of Streptococcus thermophilus stains isolated from different yogurt brands in Chinese market. In total, 42 strains isolated from 43 yogurt samples were identified as S. thermophilus stains by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The investigation of antibiotic-resistance profiles revealed that those isolates were resistant to erythromycin (69.05 %), clindamycin (73.81 %), chloramphenicol (61.90 %) and fosfomycin (19.05 %), and were susceptible to other 13 kinds of antibiotics. The genetic typing of S. thermophilus stains was examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of chromosomal DNA digested with SmaI. The enzyme restriction profiles showed the 42 S. thermophilus isolates were divided into 14 PFGE types, and further analysis showed the PFGE profile did not completely match with antibiotic resistance profile. The antibiotic resistance and PFGE pattern database generated in this study suggest that the safety evaluation of S. thermophilus should be paid more attention and will provide basic for information of food safe assessment of yogurt.
ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND MINERAL CONTENT FROM THE ALGERIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS
HADJIRA GUENANE(1*), OMAR MECHRAOUI(2), BOULANOUAR BAKCHICHE(1), MEBROUK DJEDID(1), ABDELAZIZ GHERIB(1), MOKHTAR BENALIA(1)
The present study evaluated the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of six aromatic plants, indigenous to the flora of the Algerian. The plants studied were Thymus vulgaris, Artemisia absinthium, scorzonena undulata, Malva Parviflora, Marrubium vulgare and Cotula cinerea. Extracts of these plants were analyzed for their total phenol compounds and antioxidant activity. The antimicrobial screening of the extracts was evaluated by agar disc diffusion method, the liquid broth microdilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Essential oil of A. absinthium possesses highest antioxidant activity among all extracts tested and phenolic extract of T. Vulgaris highest of DPPH radical. Among the plants screened, essential oil of A. absinthium and T. Vulgaris showed the best antibacterial activity. The mineral contents were determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Ca, K, Na, Mg, Fe and Cu were found to be the most abundant elements among the plants studied.
CO-CRYSTAL OF SUCCINIC ACID WITH IMIDAZOLIDIN-2-ONE: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND HIRSHFELD SURFACE ANALYSIS
GERZON E. DELGADO1*, JINES E. CONTRERAS1, GUSTAVO MARROQUIN2, JOAZAIZULFAZLI JAMALIS3, HERNANDO A. CAMARGO4, JOSÉ A. HENAO5
The co-crystal of succinic acid with imidazolidin-2-one was mechanochemically prepared and its structure was studied by powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound crystallizes in the triclinic system with space group P-1. The molecular structure and crystal packing are stabilized mainly by intermolecular O--H···O and N--H···O hydrogen bonds interactions, forming a supramolecular assembly with bi-dimensional hydrogen bond networks along the [110] diagonal joined by C44(22) chains and R22(8) amide-acid dimers which running along the ba plane. These hydrogen bonds contribute to the stabilization of the crystal structure that packs with an efficiency of 69.1 % in a planar sheet structure similarly to the even diacid co-crystals containing imidazolidin-2-one. Hirshfeld surface analysis was used for visually analyzing intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure.
ZINC OXIDE - SINTERED CALCIUM PHOSPHATE CATALYZED GREEN SYNTHESIS OF ESTERS AND AMIDES
S. SUMATHI(1*), B.R. SAIKISHORE KUMAR(2)
Herein, the application of zinc oxide supported on sintered calcium phosphate (SCaP) as a catalyst in acylation reaction is described. This catalyst was found to be highly effective in solvent free acylation of various phenols, alcohols and amines. Reaction at room temperature, with very less quantity of the catalyst, high yield in shorter reaction time, easy separation of the catalyst and isolation of the desired product in good purity are the merits of this reaction. In addition, the recovered catalyst could be reused for four successive runs without significant deterioration in catalytic activity.
EVALUATION OF BIRCH SAP (BETULA PENDULA) QUALITY DURING STORAGE
LILIANA NOROCEL(1), SERGIU PĂDUREȚ(2*)
This study presents the quality assessment of fresh and heat treated birch sap (Betula pendula) during 4 weeks of storage at 4 ºC. The entire quantity of birch sap was divided into three equal parts: a part was subjected to a pasteurization process, a part was subjected to a direct heat treatment at 60 °C and a part was kept fresh. The total microbial number of fresh collected birch sap was 94 CFU·mL-1 and after applying heat treatment the total microbial number decreased significantly (maximum 1 CFU·mL-1). For quality evaluation of birch sap samples during storage the element minerals content, pH, total acidity, conductivity, total microbial number, antioxidant capacity and polyphenols content were determined. The pasteurized birch sap presented a greater stability during storage than the other two samples, the pH varied slightly (3.47 - 3.16) and the sap conductivity showed a slight increase from 672.4 μS·cm-1 to 759 μS·cm-1.
STATISTICAL OPTIMIZATION OF CULTIVATION CONDITIONS FOR SACCHAROMYCES BOULARDII VIA CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN
GUOWEI SHU1, XIN YANG1*, LI CHEN2*, DAN HUANG3, ZHANGTENG LEI1, HE CHEN1
Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) is used in many countries as both a preventive and therapeutic agent for diarrhea and other gastrointestinal disorders caused by the administration of antimicrobial agents. However, there are few reports on its culture conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize the cultivation conditions of S. boulardii by single factor experiment and central composite design of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The effects of temperature (28, 31, 34, 37, 41 °C), initial pH value (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10), liquid loading (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 mL in 250 mL triangular flask), inoculum size (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 %), and shaking speed (140, 160, 180, 200, 220 rot∙min-1) were investigated. Among these variables, the combination of 37 °C temperature, 6.4 the initial pH value, 250 mL triangular flask with 52 mL medium volume, 3 % inoculum size, and 181 rot∙min-1 shaking speed were found to be the most suitable cultivation conditions. Under the optimized conditions, the maximal yeast count was (1.81±0.06)×108 CFU∙mL-1, which was in a good agreement with the predicted value of the model. This study has provided useful information on how to improve the viable cells of yeast cells for S. boulardii culture.
VALORISATION POTENTIAL OF FETEASCĂ NEAGRĂ GRAPE POMACE FOR OBTAINING HONEYBASED FORTIFIED INNOVATIVE PRODUCT
ELENA-MIRELA SUCEVEANU(*), LUMINIŢA GROSU, IRINA-CLAUDIA ALEXA(*), ADRIANA-LUMINIŢA FÎNARU
Grape pomace (GP) is the main by-product from the wine industry, consisting of remaining skin, seeds and pulp. Extremely rich in flavones, anthocyanins and tannins, this by-product has attracted the attention of scientists leading to an interest in the study of different uses in various fields especially as it is very inexpensive: as an additive in animal feed, as ingredients in the food industry, cosmetics, medicine, etc. GP may have applications as food additives with nutritional benefits. For the present research, an innovative product based on Acacia honey (AH) and GP powder in different proportion (5, 10 and 15 %) was prepared. Fortification with GP may impact the sensory characteristics of products, such as flavor, color, and texture. The results revealed that the fortified innovative product obtained is well accepted by the consumers.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF SLANIC-MOLDOVA MINERAL WATERS STORED IN REUSABLE BOTTLES
LAVINIA MISĂILĂ(1,2), NARCIS BÂRSAN(1), FLORIN MARIAN NEDEFF(1), DUMITRA RĂDUCANU(1), LUMINIȚA GROSU(1), OANA-IRINA PATRICIU(1*), LUCIAN GAVRILĂ(1), ADRIANA-LUMINIȚA FÎNARU(1*)
This paper reports the preliminary results concerning the evaluation of the effect of time and storage conditions on some physico-chemical characteristics (pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids and salinity) for 9 mineral waters samples collected from Slănic-Moldova and stored in reusable plastic drinking water bottles. The experimental data show that for the first storage period, respectively 1 month for the samples kept at ambient temperature and 3 months for the samples stored at 4 °C, there were no changes in the analyzed parameters. Significant variations in pH and conductivity were observed after 6 months for 7 out of 9 samples stored at 4 °C and after 3 months for 6 out of 9 samples stored at 20 °C. Also, is noted that the samples stored at 4 °C (in the dark) for 12 months preserved their characteristics better than those stored at ambient temperature for 9 months.
THE ANTIOXIDANT COMPOUNDS DETERMINATION OF VARIOUS BREWER'S SPENT GRAIN EXTRACTS
MARINA V. GERNET(1), MAXIM A. ZAKHAROV(1), IRINA N. GRIBKOVA(1*)
Brewer's spent grain is a brewing waste and contains a number of biologically active substances that not completely are extracted into malt wort during mashing, but are not use anywhere. The aim of the study was to obtain a comparative characterization of various surface active extractants, including cationic one, (benzyldimethyl-[3-(myristoylamino) propyl] ammonium chloride), in relation to phenolic compounds and amino acid content of brewer's spent grain, which can serve as the basis for the biologically active additives technology development. The extraction use made it possible to verify the soluble polyphenolic compounds (phenolic acids and rutin) and amino acids presence in the extracts. Studies have led to the conclusion that extractants can be presented in the following sequence in increasing extraction efficiency, i.e., in the strength of micelle formation, in increasing order: water, 0.01 % solution of benzyldimethyl-[3-(myristoylamino) propyl] ammonium chloride, 70 % solution of propane-1,2-diol, 70 % solution of ethanol. All extracts are contained 18 amino acids, including 9 essential, 8 functional ones, and 5 polyphenolic substances, including rutin with P-vitamin activity. The carrying out alcohol extraction avoided the loss of essential amino acids by 4.5 % and functional ones - by 3.8 % respectively.
STUDY REGARDING THE MEASURING OF PARTICULATE MATTER PM2.5 AND PM10 IN INDUSTRIAL WORKING ENVIRONMENTS
Oana Tirtoaca (Irimia), Mirela Panainte-Lehadus(*), Claudia Tomozei, Emilian Mosnegutu(*), Alexandra-Dana Chitimus, Narcis Barsan
The air pollution is currently the biggest health risk and monitoring the air we breathe is more important than ever. Pollution with particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 can cause serious environmental problems (change in cloud formation, contribution to global warming, the change in the radiation balance of the Earth and reduced visibility) and affects human health (cardiovascular disease, pregnant women, the elderly, diabetic and those with lung disease). Occupational exposure to particulate matter is associated with respiratory health in the work environments. This paper aims to determine the pollution with PM2.5 and PM10 in an industrial working environment.
EVALUATION OF THE CORROSION INHIBITION POTENTIAL OF RAPHANUS SATIVUS AND SPINACIA OLERACEEA EXTRACTS PART I: INFLUENCE OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE CORROSIVE MEDIA ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANT EXTRACTS
ALINA MIHAELA (MACIUCA) BIRTEA(1), ANDRA POLOBOC(1,2), NICOLAE CATALIN TAMPU(1), RALUCA IOANA TAMPU(1*), OANA-IRINA PATRICIU(1), BÉRENGÈRE CLAUDE(2), REINE NEHMÉ(2), ADRIANA LUMINITA FINARU(1*)
This paper presents a simple, ecofriendly, robust and inexpensive method for the preparation of radish (Raphanus sativus) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) extracts that are destined to be tested as green corrosion inhibitors. The obtained extracts proved to be stable in the corrosive media as no significant changes could be observed on the HPLC profile, nor on the UV and FTIR spectra of the extracts solubilized in either the acidic, alkaline or saline media.
IMPROVEMENTS OF THE FOOD SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BROUGHT BY THE ISO 22000:2018 WITH APPLICABILITY TO THE CANTEEN OF THE „VASILE ALECSANDRI” UNIVERSITY OF BACAU
Maria-Crina Radu, Rodica Bucuroiu(*), Luminita Grosu
This paper aims to summarize the conceptual changes brought by the ISO 22000:2018 to the food safety management systems and to present a practical approach to their implementation. A case study is carried out for the canteen of the „Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau (UBc), a Romanian university that has implemented a food safety management system (FSMS) since 2012, which must be updated to the new requirements of the standard by the end of the transition period. Due to the large amount of work involved in such a task, the analysis included in this paper addresses only the first new clauses of the standard –understanding the organization and its context and understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties, respectively, in the light of a risk-based thinking approach.