Polymeric nanocomposite materials derive from two components: polymers and inorganic materials. These materials have attracted the attention of scientists because of their unexpected properties. Polymeric nanomaterials have a layered structure and present various properties such as: specific surface area, pore diameter, thermal stability, mechanical and flame-retardant properties that can be significantly improved by their processing and used as nanofilters.The layered nanostructure materials involved in this area mainly include silicates, manganese oxides, laminated phosphates, titanates, molybdenum sulphide and laminated double hydroxides (LDH). Among them, LDH, also called anionic clay are considered a class of clays. Anionic clays are mixed hydroxides layered with interlayer space which contain exchangeable anions and water molecules. Depending on the polytype form and composition are used many names for these material. The most used terms being layered double hydroxides - LDH or hydrotalcite-type - HT compounds.
