Volume 4, No. 11 (2005)

A VIRTUAL APPARATUS FOR POWER MEASUREMENT

ABABEI ŞTEFAN

This paper presents a virtual measurement apparatus used for active power measurement. The apparatus use, for the values of measured voltage and current sampling a data acquisition device such as PCI/LPM/16 made by National Instrument. The apparatus is an LABVIEW programming environment application. The main advantage of this apparatus is than is possible to be measured with some precision both sine wave and not sine-wave signals power.

A VIRTUAL APPARATUS FOR ENERGY QUALITY MEASUREMENT

ABABEI ŞTEFAN, CULEA GEORGE

This paper presents a virtual measurement apparatus used for measuring the values of energy quality indicators, which characterize the slow voltage variations. The apparatus use, for the values of measured voltage sampling a data acquisition device such as PCI/LPM/16 made by National Instrument. LABVIEW is the programming environment used for the realization of the virtual apparatus.

ALLOCATION METHODS OF THE TRANSFER CAPACITY ON NATIONAL BORDERS

BOLBORICI DANIELA

The development of electricity market in Europe increases the number of energy exchanges between countries, this process rising new problems in the congestion management domain. The transfer capacity on one border is limited by the network conditions, the energy exchanges don’t have to jeopardize the system security. After the capacity on one border is established, it has to be allocated between the market participants.This paper presents several methods of capacity allocation established by The European Transmission Systems Operators (ETSO): pro-rata, first come first served, explicit or implicit bilateral auctions, market splitting, coordinated auctions.The methods are based on NTC (Net Transfer Capacity) determination or on physical flow margins, these last methods, like coordinated auctions, being more complicated but more accurate.The countries from South East Europe developed a working group who studies the coordinate auctions method and the ways of introducing it in a possible regional market.The paper offers a general view of capacity allocation methods, this being an important new activity of the Transmission System Operators in Europe.

HOW TO KEEP AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ACTIVE

DIACONESCU IOANA, GRIGORESCU LUIZA

One of the challenges now facing energy managers is to prevent their program from falling into the category of a fad, and passing from the scene. There are a lot of precedents for this: value analysis, quality circles, and management by objectives, just to name a few. These are not entirely passed fro the scene, but did have a peak period followed by a sharp decline.

NEW HORIZONS FOR ENERGY MANAGERS

DIACONESCU IOANA, GRIGORESCU LUIZA

Strategic planning is the final step in the planning process of developing an energy management program. In reality, there are very few organizations that have progressed this far with their program. It seems that once some of the major energy problems were solved, the thrust stopped there. This short-term thinking may cause serious problems if we are again thrown into turmoil with energy supply and costs. Many of those that have not planned ahead may not make it or as minimum will re-enter the management by crisis phase.

A TACKLING MANNER CONCERNING THE POWER SYSTEM PARTICIPATION TO THE ENERGY MARKET

ENESCU DIANA, ENE SIMONA, ŞOTRI STAMA

By definition the power system is an integrator system: the system activity on the whole techological chain can be tackled in the same integrator and pragmatic manner which to allow the investigation of any side.Presently, any power politic has three fundamental elements: security of the energy supply, compatibility with the environment and competitivity.Obviously, the energy market creation have no contribution to increasing of the energy supply security because:• the market encourages a short term interests while the security assurance of the energy supply asks a long term approach.• the market by the utilisation of the cheapest solution of energy represents a danger for the economic balance on the long term.In this paper are tackled the elements concerning the behaviour in operation of the automation and protection equipments, the framing of the power plants in the loads curve and the system services integration as part as the safety of the system activity.This paper has like the basic reference an experience in the infrastrucure of the production, transport and distribution system over thirty years, paper which is detailed by all teaching staff from the Electrical Power Engineering department, within Valahia University of Târgoviste.

THE DEMAND/REQUEST OF ENERGY AND THE ECONOMY OF ENERGY SOURCES

FLORESCU IULIAN, FLORESCU DANIELA, OLARU IONEL

The modern society, in its development has been using energy without any care and now, to deal with the situation, we should pass from the expenditure of petrol and natural gas to that of a bigger quantity of fuel and to promote new sources of energy; and at the same time, to reduce the request of energy.

DIGITAL MEASUREMENT OF THE ELECTRICAL ENERGY

ROTAR DAN, ANGHELUŢ MARIUS

The paper describes the electrical energy measurement techniques based on 8-bit microcontrollers. The advantages of this new method are the precision and a high reliability of the equipment.