Volume 15 (2008)
Articles
SOME PRELIMINARY DATA ON THE GROWTH AND GENERAL PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITION OF SOME CYPRINIDES FROM HILLY PONDS
COSTICĂ MISĂILĂ, ELENA RADA MISĂILĂ, GABRIELA VASILE, GIANINA COMĂNESCU
The paper analyze the comparative growth of the anger and crap sapling during the active nourishing period (105-120 days), in the Dudãu I and Dudãu II ponds, from Iassy, in different conditions of ihtiopatologic prevention. The stipulated treatment scheme included 3 rounds, from wich the first one at population, the second one after one month, (when in the experimental basins were administrated each 20(A), respective, 40 kg lime chlorine/ha (B), and the third round in August, when the quantities were increased at 30 (A), respectively 50 kg lime chlorine /ha (B). In addition, at variant B two diets with antibiotic were administrated at intervals of 7 days. This treatment was administrated as prevention for the bacterial contamination. At the end of experiment, the rate of survival was of 95,6% at variant A and 97,2% at variant B. In addition we observe that at crap, comparing with the control, a supplementary increase was registered – 18.2%, and at singer a supplementary increase of 0.3%. In what regards the values of hematological indexes determined at the end of the experimental period for the specie crap, we observed an increase of hemoglobin with 4.18% at variant B, comparative with the control, as well as higher values of hematocrite –with 10.2% and of number of white globules with 18.25%. Moreover, as a result of parasite stress more intense, the fishes from control variant, depose a larger adaptive effort comparing with the variant with preventive treatments. This is expressed at hematological level through a larger number of red globules from the control with 4.1% and the average erythrocyte volume smaller with 14.8%. This is a response through which the fish better adapt their respiratory function counteract the supplementary stress, therefore by totalizing the surfaces of respiratory exchange to result values comparable with the one from the researched lot, where the fishes had a smaller number of erythrocytes and highest level of VEM.
CURRENT STUDY ON THE PARAZITIC MICROORGANISMS OF THE MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN SERBIA
SNEŽANA PAVLOVIÆ, SAŠA STOJANOVIÆ, MIRA STAROVIÆ
Pathogenic microorganisms on medicinal and aromatic plant species cultivated on plantation in Serbia were studied during the last ten years. The seeds of majority of these plants were contaminated with fungi from the genus Fusarium, Alternaria, Verticilium, Colletotrichum, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Rhizopus and Phoma, which significantly reduced seed germination and caused seedlings decay. On the stem and leaves the symptoms of powdery mildew rust, fleckening and wilting were manifested. The fungi from the genus Oidium, Puccinia, Coleosporium, Phragmidium, Alternaria, Fusarium, Phoma, Septoria, Sclerotinia, Verticilium and Botrytis were isolated as the causative agents. The most intensive changes were recorded on St. John’s wort and coneflower, where percentage of the diseased plants was very high. In the tissue of the diseased Echinacea species with the symptoms of yellowing (witches brooms, virescence), the presence of the phytoplasma (Stolbur type) was established. In the xylem vessels of the St.John’s wort diseased plants, with the symptoms of redness and remature decay, the presence of fastidious bacteria (rickettsia – like organisms – RLO) was recorded. The symptoms of redness were also registered in the cultivated oregano and lovage, as well as in the wildgrowing dandelion.
THE STUDY REGARDING THE DECREASE OF MITES ATTACKS IN INPUT AGRICULTURE
MARIA CĂLIN, GHEORGHE MARINESCU, BOGDAN TOMOZII, MAGDALENA DUMBRAVĂ
The trials were performed at Vegetable Research and Development Station Bacau, in 2007. The observations and experiments were made in open field with the following varieties of bean Gondola, Prelude, Maxidor, Harwester, Contendor, Sonesta, Harbone, Timpurie de Bacãu The attack of mite appeared in June. The climatic conditions of July and August were favorable for development of mite and the degree of attack increased till 39,8 % in 2 trial. In the climatic conditions of 2007 the behavioral of studied varieties were different. The yield data of varieties: Prelude, Contendor and Maxidor were superior of control variant Timpurie de Bacau 3.0 t/ha. The yield of Prelude was 4.0 t/ha, the yield of Contendor of 3.8 t/ha and the yield of Maxidor was 3.2t/ha.
RELATIONS BETWEEN VARIOUS PAIRS OF BODILY VARIABLES IN TWO SUMMER-OLD CULTURED CYPRINIDS
GABRIELA VASILE, ELENA RADA MISĂILĂ, ELENA CIORNEA
The researches focused toward the study of relationships that exists between diverse pairs of corporal variables (total length, standard length, head length, height, and circumference and body weight) at two species of crap that belongs to the Chinese complex. Thus, we worked on a number of 100 exemplars for each analyzed specie (Aristichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). The analysis of the obtained results showed that at the two summer individuals belonging to Hypophthalmichthys molitrix specie, the variance and standard deviation values are higher. The same situation is registered in case of Aristichthys nobilis that had the same age regarding the total length, standard length and the body weight. Though the smallest coefficient of variation was observed for the average total weight of body (7.418%), while at marble crap with the same age, the body medium circumference was occupying the first place and the average body weight hold the highest values at the individuals belonging to the two genus (20,79%). The applying of the evaluation test for the significance of correlation coefficient Pearson for all the pairs of variables investigated, lead to the rejection of the null hypothesis and the acceptance of alternative hypothesis due the fact that the t calculated is higher than the critical t, so we can state that there are positive correlations. If there are positive correlations we can affirm that when the dependent variable increases, the independent variable increases too and vice versa.
THE BIRD FAUNA OF THE WET ZONES FROM THE MIDDLE COURSE OF THE SIRET RIVER
CĂTĂLIN RANG, CONSTANTIN ION, CONSTANTIN BURGHELEA
In the Octomber 2004 – June 2007 period, a number of 188 bird species belonging to 16 orders and 47 familys were observed in the wet zones from the middle course of the Siret river. The _ertain specific diversity has been found in the habitats created by artificial lakes-172 species. The most reduced diversity was found in the habitats created were found 118 species.The main reson this phenomenon is the fact that the barrage lakes are offering more importante food source and protection, because of the intensive clog.
A STUDY ON THE ELABORATION OF A COLORATION PROTOCOL ON THREE SMALL-SIZE FRESHWATER FISH SPECIES: CARASIUS GIBELIO (BLOCH, 1782) PSEUDORASBORA PARVA (TEMMINCK & SCHLEGEL, 1846) AND ALBURNUS ALBURNUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) (PISCES, CYPRINIDAE), USEFUL IN AGE-DETE
LAURENŢIU BURLACU, NICOLAE CRĂCIUN, CĂTĂLINA FLORIANA RADU, TIBERI SAHLEAN, CLAUDIU GAVRILOAIE, DOREL URECHE
The aim of the current paper is to establish a protocol which can be used in determining the age of small-sized fresh water fish, based on direct observation of growth rings (annuli and circuli) within the scale structure. The method simplifies the currently existing procedures (extraction of a certain number of scales, scouring, polishing, observation) therefore facilitating the age determination process during field activities. The authors propose a method consisting of extraction, superficial mechanical cleaning and coloration, which considerably shortens the processing time but with good results in microscopy observations. Another aspect is that small-sized fish have less rigid scales and the risk of mechanical deterioration during polishing procedures in more likely, making them improper for observations. At the same time simple observations by transparency, after polishing, may be irrelevant.
RAISING STARLINGS (STURNUS VULGARIS L.) IN CAPTIVITY: ETHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
EMANUEL TÂRNOVEANU
The present study proposes to review the habits of the starling (Sturnus vulgaris L.) in captivity; it presents the situation of some orphan chicks retrieved from the Copou Gardens in Iasi, and concludes with the latter’s being released, subsequent to their acquisition of autonomous feeding behaviour. The article refers to the rearing and nursing of the Sturnus vulgaris (L.) subjects in captivity, covering the whole period, from nest extraction until release, and discusses the adaptability to life in periodical contact with man, suggesting the positive aspect of the relationship subjects-experimenter.
GROWTH AND GENERAL PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE CYPRINUS CARPIO L. SPECIES UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS OF ANTIECTOPARASITARY PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT
ELENA RADA MISAILĂ, COSTICĂ MISAILĂ, GABRIELA VASILE, VASILE VULPE
In the present paper the authors presents the results of fish growing during the 2008 year summer, in the two experimental ponds from the Fishing Farm Podu Iloaiei – Iasi, with and without anti-parasite treatments. at variant 1 (the control) no preventive anti-parasite treatments were accomplished, while at the variant 2 both different treatments were realized: with chloride lime before population (3 kg/ha) and weekly during July 25- September 1 (10-12 kg per basin) and triclorphone, in a unique dose 0,3mg/l water and oxitetracicline in the food for 6 days, from the beginning of August (50 mg/kg fish). After 102 days from the experiment, at variant 2, the crap sapling registered an supplementary increase of 8,7% and an efficiency of food conversion higher with 8,79% comparative with the control. In physiological plan, we observed higher level of hematological prosperity at fish from the variant with the treatment comparative with the control. So, the average level of hemoglobin is 6.66% higher when comparing with the control, and the number of erythrocyte with 16%. The fishes from the variant B proved an enhanced adaptive efficiency of respiration. At this variant we took in consideration a higher respiratory surface comparing with the control, by totalizing the surface of a higher number of globules with a more reduced individual volume. The parasite infestations with protozoa and metazoan were significant reduced (- 8%) at variant 2 comparing with the control.
A THEORETICAL MODEL USEFUL IN ASSESMENT OF INVASION POTENTIAL OF THE SPECIES PSEUDORASBORA PARVA (TEMMINCK & SCHLEGEL, 1846) AS A CORRELATION OF THE CORPORAL CONDITION FACTORS AND THE VALUES OF PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF WATER
LAURENŢIU BURLACU, NICOLAE CRĂCIUN, IONEL GAVRILOAIE TIBERIU, CLAUDIU, SAHLEAN, CĂTĂLINA FLORIANA RADU
The authors propose a statistic-based model of regression associations of the ratio between observed mass of specimens and calculated mass, on one hand, and four major water parameters that influence growth. The results, expressed in trend line formulas, are correlated in the form of the product of the parameters raised to the 1/n power, where n represents the number of parameters for which regressions are estimated.
BIOMETRIC AND ENZYMATIC INVESTIGATIONS AT THE LEVEL OF THE DIGESTIVE TUBE OF THE SILVER CARP OF VARIOUS AGES
GABRIELA VASILE, ELENA CIORNEA, COSTICĂ MISĂILĂ
The paper presents in parallel, a comparative study of length of digestive tube reported to the total length of body and to the standard one, as well as the activity of aspartat- and alanin-aminotransferazic from the median portion of the digestive tube at Hypophthalmichthys molitrix exemplars of one summer old, respectively four summers old. At the sapling an elongation of the digestive tube take place, this elongation being of 9.7 times (51,116 cm at one summer exemplars and 494,85 cm at the four summer ones). In early stages, the rapport between the length of the digestive tube and the total length of body is of 4,133, and the ratio between it and the standard length is 4,930. At the adult exemplars, the ratio between the length of the digestive tube and the total length of body is of 7,591, and the ratio between it and the standard length is 8,712. In what concern the intestinal transaminazic activity on remark, that the activity is higher at the exemplars of four summers. We can also conclude that the values of alanin-aminotransferase are much higher and not uniform at the individuals of both ages.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE EMBRYONIC DEVEPOLMENT OF TRITURUS /LISSOTRITON VULGARIS L.
MARIA PRISECARU, ROXANA VOICU, ALIN IOSOB
There have been observations made on the reproductive behaviour of 20 individuals – (10♂ and 10♀) of Triturus vulgaris L., egg-laying, embryo development and larval evolution. A female lays about 10-15 eggs (each attached to a submersed plant). The egg is round, covered with three gelatinous membranes which insure its protection and fixation on the plant. Cell division begins at appproximately 4 hours after egg-laying and evolves to the stage of blastula in abour 30 hours. Gastrulation is marked by the appearance of the blastopore which represents the reference point all along the gastrulation process, differentiating the middle section of the animal pole. At the end of gastrulation, there begin transformations that lead to the formation of the neural system (neurulation). At its hatching, the larva has oceli, external gills and pigmentation. Its forelimbs form at 7-10 days after hatching, whereas the hind limbs appear after 1 month. Before its passing on land, the larva suffers a reduction of the gills tissue crests.