Volume 12, No. 3 (2011)
Articles
QUALITY CONTROL AND EVALUATION OF CERTAIN PROPERTIES FOR SOAPS MADE IN ROMANIA
VIORICA POPESCU(1*), ALINA SOCEANU(1), SIMONA DOBRINAS(1)AND GABRIELA STANCIU(1), DANUT TIBERIU EPURE(2)
Several medical soaps with antiseptic properties and washing commercial soaps were analyzed to compare the values on quality criteria for different characteristics. A comparison of results on the pH, the content of total fat, free alkalinity/acidity, chloride content, foam height and alcohol insoluble with the quality criteria have shown clear differences. Values for pH ranged between 5.5 and 8, for free acidity between 0.06 and 0.88%, the chloride content from 0.16 to 0.5%, the level of foam between 4 and 115 ± 2 cm and alcohol insoluble located between 20-28%. The results were compared with the data in the literature. It can be concluded that the values determined are within the limits set by standards.
PROCESSING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TUBULAR CERAMIC SUPPORT FOR MICROFILTRATION MEMBRANE PREPARED FROM PYROPHYLLITE CLAY
ABEDALLAH TALIDI(1), NABIL SAFFAJ(2*), KACEM EL KACEMI(1), SAAD ALAMI YOUNSSI(3), ABDERRAHMAN ALBIZANE(3), ACHRAF CHAKIR(4)
Tubular macroporous support for ceramic microfiltration membranes were prepared by extrusion followed by sintering of the low cost pyrophyllite clay. Clay powders mixed with some organic additives can be extruded to form a porous tubular support. The average pore size of the membrane is observed to increase from 5 µm to 10.8 µm when sintering temperature increase from 900 °C to 1200 °C. However, with the increase in temperature from 900 °C to 1200 °C, the support porosity is reduced from 47% to 30% and flexural strength is increased from 4 MPa to 17 MPa. The fabricated macro-porous supports are expected to have potential applications in the pre-treatment and also can be used like support for membranes of ultra-filtration.
POLY(AMINOMETHYLENEPHOSPHONIC) ACID FOR SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF METAL IONS
M’HAMED KAID(1), MOHAMED AMINE DIDI(1*), DIDIER VILLEMIN
Diaminododecyltetramethylenetetraphosphonic acid (DADTMTPA) has been investigated in liquid - liquid extraction of Zn (II) and Cu (II) in acetate media. The extraction of both cations was carried out in different media with the addition of CH3COONa, CH3COOH, HCl and H2SO4 at different pH values. The maximum extraction yield for copper is 70% after addition of 10 mg of sodium acetate and for zinc is 30% after addition of acetic acid at pHi = 5.5, in one step.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN RECTILINEAR DIAMETER AMPLITUDES AND MOLECULAR POLARIZABILITIES OF FLUIDS NEAR THEIR CRITICAL POINTS
AZZEDINE ABBACI
This work reports on the relationships that exist between the amplitudes of liquid-vapor average densities of several fluids and their molecular polarizabilities. The slope of the coexistence-curve diameter has been determined from an equation of state based on the crossover model. We found that the slope for each fluid near the critical point is directly correlated with its molecular polarizability. This correlation is the consequence of the three-body Axilrod-Teller interaction.
ON THE EXISTENCE OF [SnBu3Cl2]- IN (Cy2NH2)2C2O4•SnBu3Cl AND Cy2NH2O2PHPh•SnBu3Cl: A SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION
ALIOUNE FALL, DINORA DE BARROS, LIBASSE DIOP
On allowing (Cy2NH2)2C2O4•2H2O and Cy2NH2PhHPO2 to react with SnBu3Cl in ethanolic media, (Cy2NH2)2C2O4•SnBu3Cl and (Cy2NH2)O2PHPh•SnBu3Cl are obtained. Their spectroscopic studies mainly the Mössbauer technique, exhibit the presence of two tin (IV) centres allowing to consider the formulae as [SnBu3Cl2][SnBu3(C2O4)2][Cy2NH2]4 or [SnBu3Cl2][(SnBu3)2(PhHPO2)3][Cy2NH2]2 containing [SnBu3Cl2]- and [SnBu3(C2O4)2]3- or [(SnBu3)2(PhHPO2)3]- all three being dimeric entities with NH•••••Cl and NH•••••O hydrogen bonds involving the cations. The spectroscopic characterization of [SnBu3Cl2]- has been done for the first time in this work.
MICROBIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF DACIA SAUSAGE, A DRY CURED ROMANIAN SAUSAGE
ANA MARIA SIMION CIUCIU(1*), JAVIER CARBALLO(2), PETRU ALEXE(3)
Selected starter cultures were used to produce the traditional Romanian dry cured sausage, Dacia. A control sausage was produced without starter culture (sausage A), one with L. sakei CECT 5964 and S. equorum SA25 (sausage B) and one with L. sakei CECT 5964, S. equorum SA25 and L. acidophilus CECT 903 (sausage C). Samples from each batch of sausages were taken at 0 (mix before stuffing), and after 2, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of ripening. Counts of total aerobic mesophilic flora, lactic acid bacteria, salt tolerant flora, and Enterobacteriaceae and some physical-chemical parameters (moisture, NaCl, pH and aw values) were determined. High microbial counts (log CFU) were observed with values at the end of ripening period: for lactic acid bacteria 9.77 (A), 11.47 (B) and 11.19 (C); for total aerobic mesophilic flora 9.89 (A), 11.38 (B) and 11.30 (C); for salt tolerant flora 4.45 (A), 5.31 (B) and 5.27 (C). The starter cultures had a significant inhibitory effect on Enterobacteriaceae counts (log CFU), values at the end of ripening period being 1.32 (A), 0.33 (B) and not detected (C). A significant decrease in the pH values is observed until the seventh day of ripening, showing a slight, but progressive increase after the 14th day of ripening. Results show that the production and ripening process in a pilot scale chamber under controlled conditions contributes in obtaining safe and homogeneous products.
HOMO AND HETEROPOLYNUCLEAR NEW OXALATOORGANOTIN (IV) ADDUCTS. AN INFRARED AND MÖSSBAUER STUDY
HAYAT QAMAR-KANE, LIBASSE DIOP
Six new oxalato homo (Sn only) and hetero (Sn, Cd, Sb) polynuclear adducts have been obtained on allowing (Me4N)2(C2O4)∙2H2O to react with SnPh2Cl2 or(Me4N)2(C2O4)SnPh2∙H2O to react with SnPh2Cl2, SnMe2Cl2, CdCl2, CdBr2∙4H2O or SbCl3 in specific ratio. The obtained adducts have been studied by elemental analyses and infrared spectroscopy and structures suggested on the basis of the spectroscopic data.
STUDIES ON THE NUTRIENT CONTENT OF SPECIES Mytilus galloprovincialis OF THE BLACK SEA
RODICA SIRBU(¹*), ANAMARIA BECHIR(²), TICUŢA NEGREANU-PÎRJOL(¹)AND CONSTANTA SAVA(¹), BOGDAN NEGREANU-PÎRJOL(¹), TANIA ZAHARIA(³), CORNEL URSACHE(³), RAMONA M. STOICESCU(¹)
It is well known that, among the marine organisms, mollusks are highly appreciated in many European, Asian and North American countries. In the Romanian area of the Black Sea, mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis can be found in deep areas which form a belt around the sea on the continental platform. There are significant variations of the main environmental factors which directly influence the physiological behavior of the organisms and the accumulation of the biochemical components with nutritional value. This paper correlates the study of the dynamics of the main biochemical compounds with the environmental factors and the annual ontogenetic phases of the organisms. There are also presented comparative studies concerning the rock mollusks and mollusks of deep from the Black Sea. It was found variations in quantitative results for biochemical composition. Cases are due to seasonal variations of physical-chemical conditions of seawate
PESTICIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN VEGETABLES FROM Fabaceae FAMILY
ALINA SOCEANU(1)*, SIMONA DOBRINAS(1), VALENTINA COATU(2), VIORICA POPESCU(1), GABRIELA STANCIU(1), DANUT TIBERIU EPURE(3)
This study was conducted to assess the concentration levels of nine pesticides in vegetables of the Fabaceae family. For this purpose we used chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) after the extraction and cleaning. The recoveries are between 96 and 99%. The repeatability of the method, expressed by coefficient of variation is less than 4.7%. The limits of quantification of the method are between 0.2 to 0.3 ppb. Residues of these pesticides are distributed differently in vegetables, depending on the organ of the plant and areas where vegetables were grown. For all the vegetables studied, DDD, DDE and DDT were below the limit of quantification. All concentrations of organochlorine pesticides from the samples studied are located within the limits imposed by the regulations of the European Commission.
(Cy2NH2O2CPh)3(SnCl4)2 AND (SnBu2)4(O2CPh)16Cl6(OH)2(Cy2NH2)16: SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION
Dinora De Barros(1), Libasse Diop(1)*, Bernard Mahieu(2)
The two title compounds have been synthesized, their IR and Mössbauer studies carried out. The structures are discrete and contain mono- and bidentate PhCO2-, the environment around the tin (IV) centre being octahedral (in SnCl4 adduct), trapezoidal bipyramidal (in the SnBu2 residue containing derivative). A tetranuclear monomeric or an oligomeric structure is suggested in the tetranuclear SnBu2 residue containing derivative.
PARTICULARITY ON LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION FOR AN EQUIMOLAR MIXTURE OF 2,4-DINITROPHENYLHYDRAZONES PROVIDED BY ACETALDEHYDE AND DIACETYL
GHEORGHE ZGHEREA(1)*, CRISTINA STOIAN(1), SANDU PERETZ(2)
An equimolar mixture of 2,4-dinitrophenylhidrazones (2,4-DNPH-ones) providing by acetaldehyde and diacetyl has been analyzed by liquid-chromatographic separation, using the mechanism of partition with reverse phase. As mobile phase are utilized various binary mixtures, containing water (0 – 45%) and methanol. By the experimental studies were identified four domains of behavior and two optimal binary mixtures, containing 25 and 45% water respectively. The peaks are characterized by values of retention time and by position. The separation processes were appreciated by difference between the retention times of peaks; if the percent of water increase, the values of retention times is higher, heaving a maxim value when the percent of water is 25%. For a mixture of mobile phase with 35% water and 65% methanol, the difference between retention time’s values became null; the behavior is comparable with those of pure methanol, but for higher values of retention times. When the percent of water is 45%, the difference between the retention times is also maxim, associated with a change of peaks positions.
EXTRACTION, ANALYSIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF A FAMILY OF DITERPENES <br/> EXTRACTION, ANALYSE ET EVALUATION DES ACTIVITES BIOLOGIQUES D’UNE FAMILLE DE DITERPENES<br/>
EMMANUELLE VILLEDIEU(1), EMILIE DESTANDAU(1), CHANTAL PICHON(2), SABINE BERTEINA-RABOIN(1)
Our study deals with a diterpenoid lactone family isolated from Andrographis paniculata. Our work was to perform extraction method, HPLC analysis and purification starting from commercial products. It led to the isolation of several pure compounds. Then, we investigated the effect of these molecules and the crude extracts towards immunostimulation.