Volume 26, No. 2 (2020)
Articles
THE PROBLEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA ALONG THE COAST OF TURKEY
MUHAMMED ERNUR AKINER(1*)
Turkish coastline neighbor to the Mediterranean Sea faces serious problems such as eutrophication and diffuse pollution. Among diffuse pollution, the leading actor is intensive agriculture. This research focuses on four developed cities, Antalya, Mersin, Adana, and Hatay, along the Turkish Mediterranean shoreline. The inadequate sewage system and insufficient treatment plants lead to eutrophication in populated cities. In the year 2017, in Turkey's Mediterranean region, Aksu, Manavgat, Göksu, Seyhan, Ceyhan, and Asi rivers were monitored. Concentration values for BOD5, Total Phosphorus, Nitrite Nitrogen, and Nitrate Nitrogen parameters were determined. This study observes the pollution status of the rivers according to the Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulation. One sample T-Test determined the actual pollution potentials of the rivers. Besides, uncontrolled heavy metal and toxic emissions from industry are essential problems.
SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME NEW HYDROGENOXALATO ORGANOTIN (IV) COMPLEXES
MOUHAMADOU SEMBENE BOYE(1*), AMINATA DIASSE-SARR(2), LIBASSE DIOP(2)
The synthesis and spectroscopic studies (infrared and Mössbauer) of new hydrogenoxalato derivatives and adducts containing SnRn (R=Me, Ph; n=2, 3) residues are reported. Based on their spectroscopic data dimeric and polymeric structures containing hexacoordinated or pentacoordinated Sn are suggested, the hydrogenoxolate anion behaving as a monocoordinating or a monochelating ligand. In two studied adducts, supramolecular architectures may be obtained when extra hydrogen bonds involving the free NH groups are considered.
REAL TIME ASSESSMENT OF 500-KVA, 11/0.415 KV DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER SITUATED AT BELLS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, OTA, OGUN STATE USING FLUKE 435 SERIES II
AMOLE ABRAHAM OLATIDE(1*), OKUSAGA KAZIM IDOWU(1), ODEKUNLE OLUFEMI OLANREWAJU(2), ODITA IKECHUKWU JOSEPH(2)
Distribution transformer being major equipment in utility companies deserves to be routinely scrutinized for its performance with a view to ensure continuous supply of energy to end-users as well as to sustain improved revenue collection by the utility company. Presented in this paper is the real time assessment of 500-kVA, 11/0.415 kV distribution transformer situated at Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State using power quality and energy analyzer equipment. The parameters measured on real time include phase to neutral voltage, phase to phase voltage, root mean square and peak current, frequency, active power, reactive and apparent power and line power factor. The assessment revealed wide variation of system voltages far from the standard, however, the line power factor and as well as frequency of operation was observed to be within the standard. Based on this analysis, several findings and appropriate recommendations were suggested to improve the supply of energy in the study area. It is hope that the findings of this research will be of immense benefit to distribution engineers at the Department of works in Bells University of Technology, Ota for field compliance.
THERMAL INSULATING MATERIAL WITH HIGH MECHANICAL STRENGTH MADE FROM CLAY BRICK WASTE AND COAL ASH USING THE MICROWAVE ENERGY
LUCIAN PAUNESCU(*1), MARIUS FLORIN DRAGOESCU(1), SORIN MIRCEA AXINTE(1,2)
The paper presents the results of experimental research for manufacture a high mechanical strength thermal insulating material using the microwave energy. Clay brick waste (75 - 83 mass %) and coal ash (15 - 23 mass %) as raw material and silicon carbide (2%) as a foaming agent have been used as a powder mixture. The porous product obtained by a sintering/ foaming process at 1115 - 1145 ºC had relatively low density and thermal conductivity (0.50 - 0.68 g/cm3 and 0.078 - 0.095 W/mK, respectively) and high compressive strength (up to 7.5 MPa). This remarkable combination of some physical and mechanical characteristics of the insulating material allows its use in applications involving mechanical stress resistance.
CONSULTATION OF WORKERS AS A MEASURE FOR IMPROVEMENT THE OH&S MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. CASE STUDY AT THE „VASILE ALECSANDRI” UNIVERSITY OF BACAU
MARIA-CRINA RADU(1*)
Identifying and assessing occupational health and safety risks and implementing measures to prevent accidents at work and occupational diseases are legal obligations and the implementation and certification of an occupational health and safety (OH&S) management system may help organization to achieve these goals, being also a credible evidence of its commitment to protect life and health of its interested parties. Consultation and participation of workers at all applicable levels and functions is part of the system; workers involved in daily activities and those most at risk can provide a broad perspective on potential problems and the decisions made with these workers are likely to be more effective for system improvement. The paper presents the results of a study on consulting workers of the "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacau on occupational health and safety issues.
SUPPORTING THE TRANSITION FROM SCHOOL TO ACTIVE LIFE. CASE STUDY: FEEDBACK ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNSHIPS STUDENTS OF „VASILE ALECSANDRI” UNIVERSITY OF BACAU
MARIA-CRINA RADU(1*), PETRONELA SAVIN(1), VALENTIN NEDEFF(1,2), ROXANA GRIGORE(1)
At all stages of life, education and training are essential aspects of human development and key factors for economic growth, jobs, and social cohesion. High quality and inclusive training must be a main goal of our society, especially as we live in a very challenging period, governed by the fourth industrial revolution, that transforms economies, jobs, and the society itself. Because of this, the „Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau is involved as a partner, with other universities, in a project with European funding, that facilitates practical training of students at economic partners, to increase the employability of graduates and obtain feedback from employers to correlate the curriculum to the labor market. The current paper aims to present a case study related to the feedback offered by the students who carried-out internships at local economic agents, within the above-mentioned project.
CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF TWO PHOSPHONATE SALTS: MONOCYCLOHEXYLAMMONIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHONATE AND MONOCYCLOHEXYLAMMONIUM PHENYL PHOSPHONATE
MODOU SARR(1), MOUHAMADOU BIRAME DIOP(1*), MOUHAMADOU SEMBENE BOYE(2), AMINATA DIASSE-SARR(1), PHILIPPE GUIONNEAU(3)
Hydrogen phosphonate anions and monocyclohexylammonium cations interacting through hydrogen bonds conduct to the formation of a salt namely monocyclohexylammonium hydrogen phosphonate. In this structure, hydrogen phosphonate anions are linked by pairs through O—H···O hydrogen bonds leading to anionic dimers. Each dimer is connected to its two neighbours through cations via N—H···O hydrogen bonds leading to infinite chains which are then connected by N—H···O hydrogen bonds giving rise to a layered structure. The phenyl phosphonates form dimers that are connected through an expended hydrogen bonding network involving the cations into a layer.
IMPLICATION ON FIXED-BED-CATALYTIC-REACTOR DESIGN WHEN CONSIDERING INTRAPARTICLE MATERIAL BALANCE AT MICROSCALE
KLAUS SERNY(1*), MILEXI PACHECO(2)
The integration between catalytic chemistry and reaction engineering fields generate more efficient catalytic reactor designs whereby the conventional design strategies should be changed. This work evaluated the implications on preliminary fixed bed catalytic reactor design and its associated basic cost from bench-scale when it is considered the material balance at microscale under a deterministic model accompanied with heuristic considerations on equipment design showing that understanding chemical reaction engineering is key to design of more efficient and economical industrial processes (decrease in 50 % of equipment sizing and 40 % of the equipment cost for this study).
WIND ENERGY EVALUATION AND TURBINE IDENTIFICATION FOR POWER GENERATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS IN NIGERIA
MUSEDIQ ADEDOYIN SULAIMAN(1), IGNATIUS KEMA OKAKWU(2), AKINTUNDE SAMSON ALAYANDE(3), OLAKUNLE ELIJAH OLABODE(*4), AUGUSTUS EHIREMEN IBHAZE(3)
In this paper, the wind power potentials as well as wind speed characteristics of four selected locations in the North-Central (Ilorin and Makurdi) and North-East (Gombe and Maiduguri) parts of Nigeria are investigated. The data used are obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) between the durations of 11 and 54 years, measured at an anemometer height of 10m. The analysis of the data is carried out using a two-parameter Weibull Distribution Function (WDF). The most probable wind-speed and the wind-speed carrying the maximum energy were also evaluated. The capacity factor estimation is then used to identify the most suitable turbine for the sites. The results obtained show a monthly mean wind-speed of 4.50 m/s, 3.72 m/s, 4.77 m/s and 5.34 m/s for Ilorin, Gombe, Makurdi and Maiduguri respectively, while the wind-power densities were 67.74 W/m2, 40.87 W/m2, 79.52 W/m2 and 107.49 W/m2 respectively for the same sites.
OPTIMIZATION OF OIL EXTRACTION FROM GARCINIA KOLA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
SYLVESTER UWADIAE(1*), FAITH OVIESU(1), BAMIDELE AYODELE(1)
The target of this investigation was to model and optimize selected process parameters when extracting oil from Garcinia kola. Artificial neural network (ANN) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) in response surface methodology (RSM) were used for the modelling and optimization of the process parameters. The optimized process values were 397.86 mL and 399.99 mL for solvent volume; 109.32 min and 107.55 min for extraction time; 72.64 g and 70 g for sample mass and maximum yields of 20.839 wt% and 20.488 wt% for RSM and ANN respectively. The highly positively correlated experimental and anticipated values validated the models.