Volume 25, No. 2 (2016)
Articles
THE STUDY ON ATTACKS AND CONTROL OF APHIDS IN ORGANIC TOMATO AND BEANS
MARIA CĂLIN(1), TINA OANA CRISTEA(1), SILVICA AMBARUS(1), CREOLA BREZEANU(1), PETRE MARIAN BREZEANU(1), MARIA PRISECARU(2), GEORGE FLORIN ŞOVA(1)
During 2004 – 2015 years, open field experiments were performed in Vegetable Research-Development Station Bacau - Romania, a in order to monitoring and evaluate the attack of Aphis fabae in climbing beanss, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Myzus persicae (Sulzer) in tomato. The beans aphid was identification since May on weeds and vegetable. The attack comes in June on climbing beans and continues until the maturity seeds of this species. In August climatic conditions were favorable for pests with a high temperature and low humidity. The aphid attack in climbing beans began in second decade of June, frequency of attack being 0.2 %. From the end of July to August it had reached 3.2%. The intensity of the attack in climbing beans was also low, ranging between 0.1 and 6.9%. The degree of aphid attack not exced 0,2%. The aphid attack in tomato had frequency ranges between 0,1 – 21,4%. The intensity of attack was higher in third decade of April – 16,3%, in seedling stage. The degree of attack was under 3,5%. The effectiveness of the products: NeemAzal-T / S - 0.5%, 75 Neem Oil - 0.5% Diatect V - 13.58% Diatect, V - 0.3%, Entomax - 0.15% Entomx - 0.1% were very good, being above 90.1% in control of beans aphid. Diatect V product we recommend to use in concentration of 0.3%. The number of aphides decreased strongly after 3, 5 and 7 days after treatment of insecticides. Treatment was significantly different to the untreated. The insecticide effect of plot was very good against black beans aphid. The surviving aphides in the treated plot were very small. The efficacy of: NeemAzal-T / S - 0.5%, 75 Neem Oil - 0.5% Diatect V - 13.58% Diatect, V - 0.3%, Entomax - 0.15% , Entomx - 0.1% was above 89.5%, in downward dynamics of tomato aphid populations in untreated variant.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE BIOLOGICAL AGENTS ON THE DENSITY SUPPRESSION OF GRAPHOLITHA FUNEBRANA TR. POPULATION IN PLUM CROP
TUDOR NASTAS, LIDIA GAVRILITA, NATALI BRADOWSKY, DINA ELISOVETCAIA
In the result of the development of a new methodological process of biological protection of plum from Grapholitha funebrana pest by concomitant using both the pheromone traps for mass male trapping, and the entomophages of Trichogramma embryophagum and Bracon hebetor - for parasitizing the eggs and larvae of the given pest it was succeeded to reduce the damage caused to the plum with about 97.2% (equal to the one obtained on the chemical standard sector - two treatments with insecticides).
RESEARCH ON THE CURRENT STRUCTURE OF THE ICHTHYOFAUNA OF THE RIVER VÂLSAN
ALINA – MIHAELA TRUŢĂ(1), DANIELA ILEANA STANCU(2)
The Vâlsan river (surface - 358 km2, length - 84.6 km) springs from the bottom of Făgăraş mountains from the glacial hollow, from an altitude of 2310 m, flows parallel with Argeş river, wonder through the same relief group up to the river mouth, in Merişani. In the year 1967, the Vâlsan river had suffered important modifications by constructing upstream of Vâlsan gorge a storage lake and also a hydroelectric–plant. The special interest of Vâlsan River is the presence of the fish species Romanichthys valsanicola (sculpin perch), an endemic species to the Danube basin. It is considered the most endangered species of European ichthyofauna because of its narrow range (only a sector of Vâlsan) and small number of individuals. The paper presents data referring to the structure of the ichthyofauna of the Valsan River, during the period 2014 - 2015, distribution of species along river and a comparative analysis of the structure ichtyofauna, now and in the past. Biological material was sampled at 16 sites. 1224 individuals were captured. A total number of 8 fish species were identified, including Romanichthys valsanicola.
COMPARATIVE STUDY IN MEN AND WOMEN OF VARIATION BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS WITH DIAGNOSTIC VALUE IN HYPERTENSION
MARIA PRISECARU(1), IONUŢ STOICA(1), ALIN IOSOB(2), TINA OANA CRISTEA(3)
They were investigated 30 men and 30 women with a diagnosis of hypertension. These subjects were studied biochemical response of the heart, aiming biochemical indicators of diagnostic value: triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, creatinine, troponin T, lactad dehydrogenase, aminotransferase (SGOT, SGPT) and creatine that cause changes to the circulatory system and increased blood pressure. Investigated subjects were grouped by gender and three age categories: 36-50 years, 51-65 years and over 65 years. In both women and men, pathological changes, raising, there is only three biochemical parameters of the study - triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and LDH. In men appear in addition, total cholesterol and elevated aminotransferase, SGOT and SGPT). The age group most affected is women over 50 years and between 51-65 and over 65, confirming other studies that claim incidence and severity of hypertension is lower in women before menopause. The age group most affected was the men between 36-50 years, where significant changes occur specific indicators for cardiovascular disease: LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, troponin T, LDH and TGO.
TEST OF NEW DISPENSERS FOR HELIOTHIS ARMIGERA SEX PHEROMONE
NATALYA RAILEANU, TUDOR NASTAS, TUDOR PATRASCU, VASILISA ODOBESCU, GHEORGHE ROSCA
This study shows a comparative assessment of a new way synthesized pheromone Heliothis armigera activity compared to pheromone activity synthesized by standard scheme. In addition, for this sex pheromone, new dispensers were tested in the field conditions. New dispensers, such as fragments of synthetic twine 2.5cm/2.5mg of pheromone non-PVC coated showed similar to the standard attractiveness of male cotton bollworms. However, the cost of new dispensers is 30% less.
INFLUENCE OF STERILIZATION OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA Ol. EGGS ON BIOLOGICAL INDICES AND EFFICACY OF TRICHOGRAMMA
LIDIA GAVRILITSA
According to available data, the Get variant where au Sitotroga cerealella Ol. eggs were irradiated with gamma rays of 150 Gy dose and kept within one month, state quality criteria was 2.6 higher, irradiated and stored in within two months – 1.8 times greater, held within three months - by 1.5 times, held within four months - by 1.5 times, held within five months 1.34 times higher, as the witness. The terms of storage are higher, the smaller the biological indices of Trichogramma. Mathematical processing, analysis of variance indicated that the criterion – T. statistics are accurate at the 95%. Static quality criterion Trichogramma difference, multiplied by Sitotroga cerealella Ol. eggs. irradiated were kept five months, further propagation of Trichogramma compared to the control is essential higher (T0,05 = 2.23
CONTRIBUTIONS CONCERNING THE CURRENT STATUS OF AMPHIBIAN SPECIES IN ROMAN TOWN AND ITS SURROUNDINGS
GABRIEL-ALIN IOSOB(1), MARIA PRISECARU(2), IONUŢ STOICA(2)
In the period March 2006 - April 2016 were identified a total of ten species of amphibians in Roman town, in the municipal park, on neighbouring farmland where there are irrigation ditches, in temporary and permanent pools, in the area of the bridge over Moldova River (joining Roman town with Cotu Vameş village), before its flowing into Siret River, in the Siret river in the vicinity of Roman town and the bridge over Siret, joining Roman and Gadinti, as well as in Gadinti forest from Neamt County. The study contributes to a better knowledge of the species of amphibians from the area identifying three vulnerable species, four nearly endangered species and three species which are still unevaluated.
DETERMINATIONS CONCERNING THE PRESENCE OF ORGANIC MICROPOLLUTANTS IN WATER SOURCES AS A RESULT OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
LILIANA TOPLICEANU(1), FLORIN NEAGU(2)
The article concentrates on the researches conducted in the case of four surface water sources. In order to emphasize the impact the economic activity of the area has on water quality, we propose to determine the level of organic micropollutants identified within the water. The samples of water for the analysis were taken in 2009, during January and May, and for the analysis we chose to use the method of gas chromatography due to its accuracy. Two of the water sources under analysis allowed us to determine the impact the agricultural activities can have upon the surface water quality. Thus, within the water samples taken from Galbeni and Dragesti, the analysis has identified the existence of polycyclic hydrocarbons, organophosphoric pesticides and fungicides in different concentrations. Excessive treatment of soil, followed by the leakage of rain water and irrigation from these surfaces, leads these substances within Siret basin damaging the water and causing a powerful pollution. Viewing the research of industrial activity impact, there were taken water samples from the downstream of two companies with different fields of activity, such as S.C. Amurco, a manufacturer of chemical fertilizers and SC Letea, a pulp and paper factory. In the case of water samples within Letea source, the chromatographic analysis identified components of which the highest concentrations were recorded in the case of semi-volatile organic chlorinated compounds, substances used in paper manufacturing and also in the case of organochlorine pesticides. In the case of the water sample taken within Amurco downstream, the highest concentrations were recorded in the case of polycyclic hydrocarbons, while the maximum legal concentration was exceeded in the case of anthracene, carbazole, fluoranthene and pyrene. Protecting the water quality water sources requires taking the following measures: monitoring and controlling the treatments applied to crops, developing the manufacturing technology and the existence of better cleaning stations.
OBSERVATIONS CONCERNING THE INVOLVEMENT OF Ca2+ IONS IN THE METABOLIC BALANCE OF THE BODY
MARIA PRISECARU, CRISTINA OSTAŞ, IONUŢ STOICA
The present paper determined the concentration of Ca 2+ ion in a sampling group that included a total of 90 patients aged from a few months to 85 years, manifesting various health conditions that have influenced the concentration of electrolytes in serum, as well as subjects of electrolyte homeostasis disturbed by the development of tumours and cysts. The investigation was conducted in two seasons, summer and winter. For determinations using the analyzer of electrolytes in the blood, there was used Model AVL 988-3, a device for determining Na +, K +, Ca2 +, Cl and Li + levels. In winter, there was a major decrease in the concentration of calcium ions: 97% of patients had concentrations below normal and only 3% normal, while in summer, 40% of patients had normal levels of calcium, 53% hypocalcemia and 7% hypercalcaemia. The results obtained constitute a warning that we need to reconsider our lifestyle, especially habits and nutrition.
STUDIES ON PARASITIC INFECTIONS AND INFESTATIONS IN CHILDREN
MARIA PRISECARU(1), OVIDIA MOGLAN(2), IONUŢ STOICA(1), ALIN IOSOB(3)
This paper presents a study on localized intestinal parasites in children. Parasitological investigation was conducted at the Hospital "Saint Pantelimon" Focsani in summer and autumn of 2015. Were investigated 545 children (245 in summer and 303 in autumn). The total percentage of infection with intestinal parasites in summer ranged from 21.2% in July, 22% in June and 27.6% in August. In autumn, the total percentage of infection with intestinal parasites had increased oscillating, the highest percentage was registered in October (45.8%) in September 35.4% and in November 20.5%. These parasitic species were identified: Giardia intestinalis, Hymenolepis nana, Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis.
TRENDS IN PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND BODY MASS COMPONENTS ACCORDING TO THE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY UNDERTAKEN
ROXANA – ELENA VOICU
Our study on physical development and body mass components was conducted in 2014, on two groups of individuals (group 1 - constant physical activity, group 2 - low physical activity). Middle stature occupies the largest share in both groups. Although normality, identified by BMI values, recorded high values for both groups, there were nevertheless also identified cases of deviation from normality. The influence of physical activity on the body mass composition was highlighted by the values recorded by the parameters of body composition (fat mass, visceral fat mass, muscle mass, bone mass, total body water).
LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF PROFENOFOS AND CARBOSULFAN ON PROTEIN PATTERN OF INDIAN MAJOR CARP, LABEO ROHITA (HAMILTON)
BANTU NAGARAJU, ZENEBE HAGOS
In the present study SDS-PAGE was performed for the tissues of liver, brain, muscle, gill and kidney of L. rohita exposed to profenofos and carbosulfan. When compared to control the protein subunits of pesticides exposed tissues showed decrease in intensity and some protein subunits were disappeared. Inhibition of proteins may be due to tissue necrosis which leads to losses of intracellular enzymes or other proteins. The proteins showed more decrease in intensity or significant fading in profenofos exposed tissue samples than carbosulfan. The variations in protein subunits band patterns due to change in the turnover (synthesis or degradation) of various proteins.
REVIEW </br> STATE, PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTOMOPHAGES REARING AND THEIR APPLICATION
VICTOR BRADOWSKY, NATALI BRADOWSKY, TUDOR NASTAS
The paper is a review on the biological methods for plant protection against harmful organisms. Natural parasites limited attack in the field and can accompany pests and in protected spaces. Introduction and acclimatization of beneficial organisms remain the main method of combating the pest species. Currently, many countries have developed programmers for the biological control with very good results. Production of the majority species is sustained by state programs. At present time more than 150 species of predator and parasitic arthropods are being reared in the world. The main problem of commercial biological method remains ensuring adequate and quality pest control.
REVIEW </br> BIOLOGICAL REMEDIATION OF SOIL POLLUTED WITH OIL PRODUCTS : AN OVERVIEW OF AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGIES
GABRIEL-ALIN IOSOB(1), MARIA PRISECARU(2), IONUŢ STOICA(2), MARIA CĂLIN(3), TINA OANA CRISTEA(3)
The bioremediation of the soils which were contamined with oil hydrocarbons constitutes an active preoccupation on the national and international level as well. In this paper is presented the situation of soils from Romania regarding their pollution with oil hydrocarbons and are enumerated the most important bioremediation technologies and the most important factors which can influence the treatment of oil hydrocarbons polluted soils.