Volume 31, No. 2 (2022)
Articles
ESTIMATION OF THE INTERACTION MECHANISM OF THE ENTOMOPHAGUS TRICHOGRAMMA EVANESCENS WESTW. AND THE PHYTOPHAGOUS SITOTROGA CEREALELLA OL. IN THE PRESENCE OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE SUBSTANCES WITH KAIROMONEAL PROPERTIES
LIDIA GAVRILIŢA, TUDOR NASTAS
Researche have shown that the parasitisation percentage of Trichogramma evanescens in kairomone-treated variants is significantly higher than in the control and the comparison variant (alcohol 30%), because the biologically active substance serves as an entomophagous attractant. The mode of examination of the interaction - phytophagous and entomophagous as the procedure which stimulates the Trichogramma to find its food sources. The entomophagous reacts to the host's chemicals, the so-called kairomones, which have high potential in regulating harmful insects. To carry out research on the behavior of the entomophagous Trichogramma evanescens W., the bean plants were treated with alcohol extract and eggs of cereal moth with kairomone (concentration of 30%), exposure of 5min. In the variants treated with kairomone, where the action of the fractions extracted from the scales from the cereal moth was appreciated, on the search capacity of T. evanescens, its quality is higher than in the control.
ANALYTICAL PROBLEMS OF BILIRUBIN DETERMINATION BY DIAZOREACTION METHOD IN ICTERIC NEONATES IN ALGERIA
EL KADI FATIMA ZOHRA(1), BOUANANI FATIMA ZOHRA(2), KANOUN KHEDOUDJA(3), BOUARFA AMINE(4), MAAZ ASMA(4), SOFIANE BOUAZZA(2), MEZIANI SAMIRA(2)
The determination of bilirubin remains the key examination to diagnose neonatal icterus and its severity and on which the therapeutic decision is based, The objective of our study is to detect the choice method for the bilirubin determination .To this effect, 100 cases of newborn babies with mucocutaneous icterus at the Neonatology Department of the maternity Hospital of the Sidi Bel Abbés region (Algeria) were subjected to bilirubin determination by diazoreaction manually by spectrophotometry using the ERBA and Biomaghreb reagents and automatically by means of an automaton using the ERBA reagent. Our results showed that the accelerating factor and the incubation time influence the most sensitive fraction of bilirubin which is the total bilirubin, Similarly, the cetrimide accelerant of the ERBA reagent is more efficient than the DMSO of the Biomaghreb reagent. In view of the advantages of the automatic technique and the quality of the reagent used, ERBA and its cetrimide booster, it is chosen as the reference technique for the bilirubin determination in neonates.
MULTIPLICATION OF THE TRICHOGRAM ENTOMOPHAGUS IN EXTREME CONDITIONS
LIDIA GAVRILITA
The research given may be similar to the situation created in nature, after heavy dew, after rain, after irrigation, for rice plants, which grow in water, etc., when the leaves of the plants are wet and the pest's eggs are in the water. Our experience has shown that in watery conditions Trichogramma evanesces can move on water, find the pest's eggs and parasitize them, where the percentage of parasitism was 71%. In extreme conditions the moth eggs of cereals aged 24-26 hours were treated at a temperature of 40-70℃, the time of treatment with hot water was: 20 and 40 seconds each variant, where the hatching of the larvae continued until the temperature of 60℃.
CERVIX - CYTOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF EPITHELIAL LESIONS
MARIA PRISECARU(1), IONUŢ STOICA(1), DANIELA RĂDULESCU(1), FLORIAN PRISECARU(2),DOINA MOALES(3)
A series of cytopathological examinations of vaginal discharge from patients of the Bacău County Emergency Hospital were performed between December 2020 and May 2021. The vaginal discharge was collected from the bottom of the posterior sac ("classic" procedure), exo area. - and endocervical. The cytological study investigated the main cellular changes in 50 patients, aged 18-81 years (Fig. 1). In their interpretation, both the Babaş-Papanicolaou nomenclature and the TBS system (The Bethesda System) were used. Of the 50 patients studied as a result of cytological diagnosis, 20 patients had a normal smear, 18 patients were diagnosed with LSIL, followed by the frequency of AUC-US found in 16 of the smears investigated, 3 of the patients have ASC-H, 2 HSIL and only 1 single ACG patient.
EVALUATION OF HISTOPHYSIOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN RESPIRATORY PROCESS ASSOCIATE WITH FIPRONIL ADMINISTRATION IN EUROPEAN CHUB
MARIA CRISTINA PONEPAL, GHEORGHIŢA BRÎNZEA, ALINA PĂUNESCU
This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of fipronil on Leuciscus cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758). Fipronil is a phenylpyrazole insecticide discovered and developed by Rhône-Poulenc between 1985 and 1987 and released to the market in 1996. The insecticide is widely used in agricultural management to control pests and it can be leached into aquatic ecosystems. Fipronil acts by targeting gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) receptors and has a much higher affinity for insect than for vertebrate. The present study evaluates the changes of some important physiological indices (energy metabolism, respiratory rate, number of red blood cells) and histopathological gills tissues in Leuciscus cephalus exposed to the action of Fipronil insecticide under two concentrations (0.05 and 0.1 mg fipronil/L water). Fish adaptation to laboratory conditions was conducted for two weeks in glass aquariums with a capacity of 100 l, under natural photoperiodic conditions and the oxygen dissolved in water was not below 80% of the maximum possible at the respective temperature and pressure. Feeding during this period was “ad libitum” once a day; during the experiments fish were not fed to avoid the additional influence of the food factor, thus allowing a better interpretation and comparison of the results. The results were interpreted statistically using SPSS 13.0 program for Windows. The experimental samples regarded the presence of respiratory, hematological in Leuciscus cephalus intoxicated with Fipronil insecticide. The fipronil insecticide has changed the fish respiratory rhythm and stimulating rate of oxygen consumption. The number of erythrocytes in the fish individuals subjected for 14 days to 0.1 mg fipronil/L water was also significantly affected. Exposure of European chub to insecticide administered in water for 2 weeks determined installation of pathological changes in gills tissues.
ASPECTS REGARDING THE FLUID-COAGULATING BALANCE IN SOME BLEEDING SYNDROMES
IONUŢ STOICA(1), COCUŢA BARABAŞ(2), MARIA PRISECARU(1)
126 patients with coagulation disorders were evaluated, hospitalized in the departments of the Bacău County Emergency Hospital, between January and March 2021, aged between 18 and 96 years, who presented to the Emergency Reception Unit. Thus, an analysis of the changes in D-dimer values in the investigated patients was performed to establish the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (CID), initiate therapy or continue it in patients already diagnosed. A small number of people (43) found a test value within the reference range (reference values, those considered to be a normal level of D-dimers, are set to be lower - 5 μg / mL FEU, which is higher than the linearity limit of the test.
THE PAP TEST AND THE VALUE OF SCREENING IN THE PREVENTION OF CERVICAL CANCER
ROXANA - ELENA BÂRCĂ(1), DIANA – ELENA MAFTEI(2)
The Pap test serves for diagnosis purposes, recommended by the gynecologist or for the early depict of precancerous lesions. Women are assessed every 3 years by means of the Pap test, revealing the benefits of the screening programs. The main cause that induces this type of cancer is the HPV infection 95%. Cervix cancer, along with melanoma and breast cancer, may be prevented by early diagnosis and treatment. Early diagnosis for this disease is a key factor to achieve therapeutical success, considering the outburst of pacients.
ORNITHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE SPECIES OF BIRDS IN THE ROMAN MUNICIPAL PARK
GABRIEL-ALIN IOSOB
The avifauna of Roman has been relatively little studied, with most observations limited to the preparation of annual reports on the sedentary and passage birds on the hunting grounds managed by the Association of Hunters and Sport Fishermen (A.V.P.S.) Roman. Photographs that have been shared on various social media platforms by nature lovers, amateur and professional photographers also constitute other observations. During the early part of 2022, we made a survey of the avifauna in Roman park. Field observations took place every week for three months (January-March). During this time period, 19 bird species belonging to four orders and ten families were identified and recorded in the park. In Roman, the municipal park is especially important to sedentary birds, especially in the cold season when they are in search of food.
CONTROL OF ANTICOAGULATION IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
IONUŢ STOICA, MARIA PRISECARU, COMAN CRISTINA-GEANINA, FLORIAN PRISECARU
We investigated 70 patients from chronic departments who may have changes in the normal percentage of coagulation (neurology, surgery and orthopedics) within the Bacău County Emergency Hospital, during September-November 2021. Mainly, variations of values of APTT (partially activated thromboplastin time) and INR during Quick (International normalized ratio INR; international standardized procedure introduced by WHO). After the percentage distribution of patients according to the anticoagulant used in the treatment, there is a preference for combinations of classic anticoagulants with those of the new generation and a significant reduction in aspirin use which seems to have no therapeutic value as anticoagulant. The choice of a new generation anticoagulant in favor of another is not currently supported by evidence from any direct comparison study. Anticoagulants work differently and are therefore monitored by different laboratory tests. The doses in which it is administered are very varied.
THE PATHOLOGY OF THE NUCLEUS IN CERVICAL LESIONS
DIANA-ELENA MAFTEI, CRISTINA-ELENA BĂRBUŢĂ
Romania has a high ocurrence and death rate caused by cervical cancer. Most affected by HPV infection are fertile women (65 %) whilst the percentage of menopausal women is 35%. This study aims the comprehension of all the paths in which HPV affects the pathogeny of the squamous intraepithelial lesions, and the overview of diagnosis. The specific pathogens were Cаndidа ѕp (3 %) and Trichomonаѕ vаginаliѕ (1 %). The cure in precancerous lesions should start immediately after a certain diagnosis. Cervical cancer is curable as long as one is aware of it.
CYTOLOGY OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF) IN MENINGITIS
MARIA PRISECARU(1), IONUŢ STOICA(1), FLORIAN PRISECARU(2), TATIANA CIUREA(3)
Between 01.01.2019 and 31.12.2021, 50 subjects with meningitis of different etiologies from the Bacău County Emergency Hospital were analyzed. The study was conducted at the S.C. Medcenter S.R.L. Medical Analysis Laboratory, which serves the hospital. All 50 patients investigated in the 3 years of study were diagnosed with meningitis: viral (serous meningitis, acute serous meningitis, acute meningoencephalitis, acute viral meningitis), bacterial (meningococcal, pneumococcal, TB, staphylococcal, streptococcal and other bacteria). , fungal and an iatrogenic case. In bacterial meningitis cytology is characteristic, polymorphonuclear predominates (> 1000 elements / mmc). TB meningitis is characterized by the presence in the bacterioscopic examination of acid-alcohol-resistant bacilli (BAAR), which are highlighted on the Ziehl-Neelsen stained smear (it turns red on a blue background), and in cultures the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In viral forms, cytological examination shows the predominance of lymphocytes (500-1000 / mmc). The bacterial meningitis registered in the 3 years at the level of Bacău county has as etiological agent: meningococcus 16%, Koch bacillus 8%, pneumococcus 8%, staphylococcus 6%, streptococcus 4%, E. coli 4%, H. influenzae 4%. At the level of Bacău county, the viral forms had a share of 36% in the three years of study, but the bacterial meningitis, regardless of the etiological agent that produced them, were predominant (50%).
SOME PATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS IN VARIOUS WBCs DISORDERS
DIANA - ELENA MAFTEI(1), IOANA - MELINA PORUMB(2)
A medical survey was conducted on a group of 209 patients investigated in 2020. Laboratory determinations and analyses have been performed in the New Central Med Lab (Bacău). In this study, the purpose was to monitor the distribution of investigated patients by normal values of WBCs versus the subjects with WBCs alterations, either leukopenia, or leukocytosis, detect certain types of leukemia, the distribution of subjects by gender, age, urban/rural environment. Thereby, tests for a quantitative and qualitative assessment of hematological parameters were performed: complete blood count, cytological blood smear analysis, hemoleucogram. The blood smear cytologic examination is a valuable observation, that is prior in the diagnosis of hematological disorders. The blood smears were fixed and stained May Grünwald – Giemsa.
THE TOXIC POTENTIAL OF “CLEAN” ARTISANAL DISTILLATES OBTAINED FROM GRAPE POMACE
DOINA MOALES(1), MARIA PRISECARU(2), BOGDAN VASILE MOALES(3)
This study aims to highlight the presence and toxic potential of methyl alcohol from artisanal distillates, a congener with a high degree of toxicity that can generate, in case of intoxication, an insidious symptomatology which is easily confused with ethanol intoxication, but with a high degree of aggression leading to blindness, metabolic acidosis and death.Throughout our study, a total of 49 samples of natural alcoholic distillates were analysed as products resulting from the distillation of simple grape macerates (pomace). The samples were taken from the area of Moldavia, most of them coming from Bacău County, respectively 42 samples, 4 samples from Buzau County, 2 samples from Vrancea County and 1 sample from Galati County. The concentration of methyl alcohol, according to the legislation in forceis compared to the anhydrous ethyl alcohol. Thus, the analysis involved two stages, respectively, determining the ethyl alcohol concentration and then comparing it to the anhydrous ethyl alcohol in the samples. To determine the concentration of methyl alcohol in alcohol samples, the analyses were performed on an Agilent Technologies 7890 A gas chromatograph equipped with an Agilent Technologies 7683 B Series automatic injector, coupled with an Agilent Technologies 5975C inert MSD mass spectrometer. Of the samples analysed, two had a methanol concentration below the detection limit, the lowest value detected was 0.13 g /100 mL, the highest value detected was 2.20 g /100 mL. 6 samples of the ones analysed had values above the limit, meaning a significant percentage of 12.24%, with values between 1.19 g /100mL - 2.20 g /100mL. These values could be obtained, to some extent, because of the grape varieties present in the pomace. However, if the distillation technology is strictly respected, the methanol percentage in the distillates would not exceed the legal limit. Many people do not meet these requirements given that they are ignorant of the aspects referring to both the grape variety and the pomace distilling technique and they are eager to obtain as much distillate with a high alcohol concentration as possible. Hence, they obtain distillates contaminated with methanol, sometimes in lethal concentrations, as highlighted in this study.
STUDY ON THE MONITORING OF INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN SARS- COV2 INFECTION
TATIANA CIUREA(1), DANIELA TIŢĂ(2), MARIA PRISECARU(3), IONUŢ STOICA(3), DIANA IOANA TIŢĂ(4)
COVID-19 may present as a silent asymptomatic infection, a mild upper respiratory tract disease or a severe illness characterized by fulminant inflammation, systemic coagulopathy and severe damage to the lungs and cardiovascular system and other organs. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunctions are among the leading causes of death and severe forms in patients diagnosed with CoV-19. Severely ill patients (CoV-19) have hyper inflammation and associated biomarkers provide useful information for risk assessment. Moreover, the serum levels of inflammatory markers such as: Il-6, ferritin, CRP, D-dimers are closely related to the severity of the disease.
STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE OF SARS-CoV-2 VIRUS (COVID-19) IN 12 CITIES IN ROMANIA IN SEPTEMBER, OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER 2021
ADRIAN – CONSTANTIN TUDORACHE
The pandemic was declared worldwide in early 2020, since then things have taken an unexpected turn for all of humanity. The pandemic still exists and the epidemiological waves are coming one after the other. I firmly believe that such a study was necessary, with incidence studies being very important.The purpose of the study was to see which age groups are most prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection, which sex shows an increased tropism compared to the new virus. I also wanted to see which of the 12 cities studied have the most cases of positive people tested at our clinic. The method with which we were able to test the people who took part in the study was RT-PCR (Reverse transcription – polymerase chain reaction).The results obtained in the three months in which we have gathered information prove that the pandemic exists and is present every day, new people tested positive appear almost every day (September) and even every day (in October and November). The results also show that children can also be infected with the COVID-19 virus. I also conclude that although few people have symptoms, many do not; the percentages of people with symptoms reported to positives each month increased from 5.36% in September to 9.90% in October to rise to 28.52% in November.