Volume 12, No. 1 (2011)
Articles
AN OVERVIEW OF 2010
LUCIAN GAVRILĂ
The year just passed was a full one for the team of Scientific Study & Research – Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, Food Industry. Several important events marked up the 365 days elapsed till December 31st 2010: the preparation of the anniversary issue that marked a decade of existence of the journal, important changes made in the internal organization of the editorial team, improving the international coverage by registering the journal in two new international databases (DOAJ and Index Copernicus), changes in the peer-reviewing process in order to enhance and speed up publication process, adopting a new design for the articles’ pages.
ATELIER FRANCO-ROUMAIN « PROMOTION DE LA CHIMIE VERTE » 06 – 07 JUILLET 2010 – ORLEANS, FRANCE<br> FRENCH-ROMANIAN WORKSHOP “PROMOTING GREEN CHEMISTRY” 06 – 07 JULY 2010 – ORLEANS, FRANCE
IRINA-CLAUDIA ALEXA
The French-Romanian Workshop \"Promotion of Green Chemistry - Applications in Organic Synthesis, Analytical Chemistry and Process Engineering\" organized by the Research Center “Applied Chemistry and Process Engineering” of the \"Vasile Alecsandri\" University from Bacău (Romania) and the Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Orleans (France), took place on 6-7 July, 2010 in Orleans. The workshop was attended by 32 researchers, 16 from France and 16 from Romania.
LE SIXIEME COLLOQUE FRANCO-ROUMAIN DE CHIMIE APPLIQUEE « COFrRoCA 2010 » 07 – 10 JUILLET 2010 – ORLEANS, FRANCE<br> THE SIXTH FRENCH-ROMANIAN SYMPOSIUM OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY “COFrRoCA 2010” 07 – 10 JULY 2010 – ORLEANS, FRANCE
IRINA-CLAUDIA ALEXA
The Sixth French-Romanian Symposium of Applied Chemistry \"COlloque FRanco-ROumain de Chimie Appliquée\" – COFrRoCA 2010, organized by the Research Center “Applied Chemistry and Process Engineering” of the \"Vasile Alecsandri\" University from Bacău (Romania) and the Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Orleans (France), took place on 7-10 July, 2010 in Orleans. Over 140 posters, 46 oral communications, 4 conferences and two keynote lectures were presented plenary or in one of the six parralel sesions: Organical and Therapeutical Chemistry, Analytical Sciences, Chemistry and Sustainable Development, Polymers and Supramolecular Chemistry, Process Engineering and Capitalization of Agro Resources. The symposium was attended by over 150 participants. A volume of Abstracts containing 192 contributions from 413 authors representing 18 countries from Europe (Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Italy, Luxemburg, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom), Africa (Algeria, Benin, Morocco, Senegal, Tunisia) and North America (USA), has been issued. Best original contributions were selected in order to be published in Scientific Study & Research – Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, Food Industry.
NEW CHROMATO DERIVATIVES AND ADDUCTS: SYNTHESIS, INFRARED AND MÖSSBAUER STUDIES
SERGE VERY RENAMY(1), WALY DIALLO(1), LIBASSE DIOP(1*), BERNARD MAHIEU(2)
Eight new chromato organostannic adducts have been synthesized and studied by infrared and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Discrete, polymeric and supramolecular structures have been suggested, the environment around the tin centre being in all cases, trigonal bipyramidal.
ANALYTICAL METHODS IN ARCHAEOMETRY: STUDY OF SUPPORT MATERIAL
IRINA DUMITRIU(1, 2*), RADU CLAUDIU FIERASCU(1, 2), RODICA MARIANA ION(1, 2)
The application of some analytical techniques developed initially in materials science (techniques based on physical-chemical phenomena) in the study of art and archaeological objects offers the historian and archaeologist quantitative information that can prove useful in order to better understanding of ancient society. The preservation of material culture for future generations with the best possible fidelity requires in-depth knowledge, to aid the most suitable restoration, conservation, storage, and eventual museum display. The use of analytical techniques often proves useful for the specialists in conservation and/or restoration due to the valuable information given (composition, state of degradation, and so on). This paper describes the use of some analytical techniques (X-ray fluorescence - XRF, inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectrometry - ICP-AES, Fourier transformed - infrared spectroscopy - FTIR) for analyzing compositions of artifacts.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS BY FLUORESCENCE OF VITAMIN E IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS <br>ANALYSE QUANTITATIVE PAR FLUORESCENCE DE VITAMINE E DANS LES FORMULES PHARMACEUTIQUES
ANA M. HOSSU1(*), MIHAELA F. MARIA(2), MIHAELA ILIE(3), ALEXANDRU STOICA(4)
Many applications of this technique are encountered in the determination of organic compounds or molecules of biological importance, such as thiamin, riboflavin, adrenalin, cholesterol, paraffins or certain medications and drugs. Fluorimetric determinations are sensitive and selective and could determine the concentrations up to 10-10 g•mL-1, which corresponds to a sensitivity of 100 - 1000 times higher than most methods based on molecular absorption. This paper has developed two methods for spectrofluorimetric determination of vitamin E in pharmaceutical formulations (soft gelatin capsules of vitamin E) and serum.
CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIPARASITIC ACTIVITY OF BENZOPHENONE THIOSEMICARBAZONES ON Trypanosoma brucei brucei
BIENVENU GLINMA(1), FERN, A. GBAGUIDI(1), SALOMÉ D. S. KPOVIESSI1, RAYMOND H. FATONDJI(1), JACQUES POUPAERT(2), GEORGES C. ACCROMBESSI1(*)
The structure of four synthesized thiosemicarbazones, substituted or not, of benzophenone has been confirmed by spectrometrical analysis IR, NMR 1H and 13C. Their anti-trypanosomal activities were evaluated on Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Among these compounds, benzophenone 4 phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone 4 has the highest activity with the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 8.48 micromolar (µM). Benzophenone 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone 3 and benzophenone thiosemicarbazone 1 showed moderate anti-trypanosomal activity with IC50 values equal to 23.27 µM and 67.17 µM respectively. Benzophenone 2 methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone 2 showed no activity up to IC50 = 371.74 µM.
ANALYTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PRECIPITATIONS
SIMONA DOBRINAS1(*), ALINA SOCEANU(1), GABRIELA STANCIU(1), VIORICA POPESCU(1), DANUT TIBERIU EPURE(2), CARMEN BICOIU(1)
The properties of precipitation are mainly determined by solid, liquid and gaseous substances that exist in suspended or dissolved form. These substances come from many complex interactions between the atmosphere – hydrosphere – lithosphere – biota. The analytical characterization of precipitation has been based on the analysis of several chemical parameters: pH, conductivity, chloride, fluoride and ammonium ions, total hardness, alkalinity, H2S and sulphides, COD (Mn), nitrites, phosphorous, metallic ions (total iron, copper and chromium). In this purpose were collected rainwater, ice and snow from different areas (cities Năvodari, Constanţa, Buzău and Mihail Kogălniceanu) during November 2007 till February 2008. This study shows that chemical characteristics of the analyzed water samples vary from one region to another depending on the mineralogical composition of zones crossed, the contact time, temperature, weather conditions, the sampling period (day or night) and the nature of sample (rain, snow, ice).
IMPACT OF THERMAL TREATMENT ON THE PROPERTIES OF THE PROTEIC FOAMS<br>IMPACT DU TRAITEMENT THERMIQUE SUR LES PROPRIETES DES MOUSSES PROTEIQUES
IRINA NICORESCU(1, 3, *), CHRISTOPHE VIAL(2), GHOLAMREZA DJELVEH(2), CATHERINE LOISEL(3), ALAIN RIAUBLANC(4), JACK LEGRAND(5)
The food foams are \"whipped\" products that have recently experienced significant growth in the food industry. They are appreciated by consumers for their creamy texture, taste and visual aspect. Whey proteins are particularly common ingredients in the formulation of food foams because of their functional properties (foaming properties, interfacial, emulsifying). Denaturation and aggregation of whey proteins further to a heat treatment, allows the improvement of these properties by creating protein aggregates with targeted properties. The objective of this study is to understand the impact of the intensity of heat treatment applied to a protein solution on the aggregation of proteins (proportion, size and morphology of protein assemblies) and on their foaming properties in order to better control the use properties of foamed products stabilized by whey protein aggregates (WPI). In this work, a 2% w/v of whey proteins in the presence of salt (50 mM NaCl) was heated in an Actijoule type tubular heat exchanger at 80, 90 and 100 °C. Native and denatured solutions of WPI were characterized by microcalorimetry ( DSC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), diffusion light scattering (DLS), electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). To assess the impact of thermal treatment on the foaming ability of protein solutions, a bubbling method has been employed. The experimental results showed that as far as the heating temperature is increased, it promotes the aggregation of proteins into oligomers which then are forming soluble aggregates of about 160 nm in diameter. We have also observed that the increase of this fraction is a continuous function of temperature for solutions treated up to 100 °C. However, the amount of insoluble aggregates formed reaches a maximum when the heat treatment temperature is 90 °C. Finally, we showed by SDS-PAGE that the soluble and insoluble aggregates are stabilized by disulfide bridges and microscopically we found that insoluble aggregates are dense and highly branched. With regard to the foaming properties of proteins, the formation of the foam was very dependent on the thermal treatment applied to protein solutions. Our results demonstrate as well that the time of bubbling is clearly correlated with the proportion of insoluble proteins and for this reason, a thermal treatment at 90 °C that leads to a significant increase of the proportion of insoluble aggregates, retards foam formation. Also, _alpha Lactoglobulin and _beta-Lactalbumin monomers existing in the protein solutions before bubbling, appear to play a crucial role. Thus, we observed that native WPI solutions lead to the formation of dry foams, while the WPI solutions heated to temperatures of at least 80 °C lead rather to the formation of wet foams.
THE EVOLUTION OF COMPOUNDS IN THE AGING PROCESS OF THE DRĂGĂŞANI CABERNET SAUVIGNON WINES <br>L\'EVOLUTION DES COMPOSES DANS LE PROCESSUS DE VIEILLISSEMENT DES VINS DE CABERNET SAUVIGNON DRĂGĂŞANI
AXENIA RADULESCU(*), CIPRIAN TUSA, OVIDIU TITA
This paper presents the influence of raw material on wine aging and determining of the optimal duration of wine aging in oak vessels and glass vessels. The potential quality of red wines from Cabernet Sauvignon Drăgăşani is highlighted more in the aging process to oak vessels and glass vessels.
STUDY ON ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION IN A STATIONARY BASKET BIOREACTOR WITH IMMOBILIZED YEAST CELLS
ROXANA ROTARU(1), ANCA-IRINA GALACTION(2), DAN CAŞCAVAL(1*)
The use of a stationary basket bioreactor with immobilized S. cerevisiae cells indicated the possibility to extend the number of alcoholic fermentation cycles that can be carried out with the same biocatalysts to over nine. Although the rates of glucose consumption and ethanol production were lower than those recorded for the mobile beds of immobilized yeast cells, the mechanical lysis of the biocatalysts is avoided in the case of basket bed. Due to the substrate and product accumulation inside the basket bed, the fermentation process can be improved by washing out the biocatalysts bed over two or four cycles.
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL MOMENT OF HARVESTING FOR CABERNET SAUVIGNON AND MERLOT GRAPES IN DRĂGĂŞANI VINEYARD<br>DETERMINATION DU MOMENT OPTIMAL DE RECOLTE DES RAISINS CABERNET SAUVIGNON ET MERLOT DANS LE VIGNOBLE DRĂGĂŞANI
AXENIA RADULESCU(*), CIPRIAN TUSA, OVIDIU TITA
This paper presents an analysis of the main characteristics of black grapes during ripening and determining the optimum moment to harvest the grapes in the vineyard Drăgăşani. Monitoring process of maturation of the grapes has been done on the varieties of grapes for red wines Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot from Drăgăşani vineyard.
EFFECTS OF CONSTRICTION IN A MECHANICAL MODEL OF LUNG PARENCHYMA
MIHAI CHIRITA1(*), CLARA IONESCU(2)
The demands on materials’ properties, for medical purposes, largely depend on the site of application and the function it has to restore. Ideally a replacement material should mimic the living tissue from a mechanical, chemical, biological, and functional point of view. The estimation of the mechanical characteristics of blood vessel walls, the values of modulus of elasticity and the coefficient of transversal strain serve to determine some aspects of reconstruction of blood vessels. The tissue growth, the blood clotting and the affecting blood elements are influenced by surface energy. In this study, we address the possibility to investigate the mechanical properties of the airways in a simulation study of the human lungs.
Bu4NSO4SnPh3•Ph3PO: <br>SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES
SERGE RENAMY(1), LIBASSE DIOP(1*), BERNARD MAHIEU(2)
On allowing Bu4NSO4SnPh3 to react with Ph3PO, the adduct Bu4NSO4SnPh3•Ph3PO is obtained. The IR and Mössbauer data allow to conclude to the cleavage of the Bu4NSO4SnPh3 chain and the coordination of Ph3PO to the tin (IV) centre leading to discrete ionic structure containing a trans bipyramidal trigonal SnC3O2 arrangement with SO42- and Ph3PO being in an apical positions.
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW ACCESS ROUTES TO PYRAZOLO[1,5-a]PYRIMIDINE USING <br>4-HYDROXY-6-METHYLPYRAN-2-ONE <br>DEVELOPPMENT DE NOUVELLES VOIES D’ACCES AUX PYRAZOLO[1,5-a]PYRIMIDINES A PARTIR DE LA 4-HYDROXY-6-METHYLPYRAN-2-ONE
IBTISSAM BASSOUDE1, (2), SABINE BERTEINA-RABOIN1(*), EL MOKHTAR ESSASSI(2), GERALD GUILLAUMET(1)
In this work, we propose a new and fast strategy giving the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines substituted at positions 5 and 7 via condensation of 3-amino-5-arylpyrazoles with 2-hydroxy-6-methylpyran-2-one in both conventional heating and microwave irradiation.