Volume 20, No. 2 (2011)
Articles
HEPATIC ALTERATION IN THE FROG RANA RIDIBUNDA INTOXICATED WITH ACTARA 25WG INSECTICIDE
Alina Păunescu, Cristina Ponepal, Octavian Drăghici, Alexandru Gabriel Marinescu
This study has the aim of verifying the histological alterations in the hepatic tissue of Rana ridibunda when exposed to 0.4mg/g body weight of Actara 25WG at 4-6ºC, respectively at 22-24ºC. The toxic was administrated with intraperitoneal shots (one shot every two days, in a scheme of three weeks). A technique of light microscopy was used. At the end of the experiment. we have observed the presence of biliary pigment in the citosol. Some hepatocytes lost cellular contour. Karyomegalia and polyploidy together with accumulation of infiltrates were also observed. A large zone of fibrosis was present between hepatocytes and around blood vessels. The histological changes were more powerful at 22-24ºC.
STUDY REGARDING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING THE BICYCLE, THE TREADMILL, AND THE MIXED EFFORT (BICYCLE AND TREADMILL) IN THE PHYSICAL THERAPY TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE
Daniel-Lucian Dobreci(1), Andrei Neamţu(2), Corneliu Neamţu(2)
Heart failure represents the physiopathological condition in which the heart is no longer capable of pumping enough blood for the tissue metabolism, or it can only do it by raising the filling pressure (vein pressure). The effort intolerance represents an almost universal manifestation of heart failure, and is defined by a drop in the effort capacity. The methods that are most recommended and used during physical therapy rehabilitation treatments for heart failure patients are the stationary bicycle exercise, treadmill exercise, or the mixed exercises, combining inside the same treatment the bicycle and the treadmill exercises. The experiment was conducted on a group of 100 patients, of which 57 men and 43 women, diagnosed with congestive heart failure. All the patients comprised in the study took the physical therapy treatment and were in a stable clinical state. The physical therapy sessions we applied to the patients were structured in three parts: warm-up part, fundamental part, and closing part. The physical therapy treatments applied to the studied patients were approximately the same, as the content was concerned, but the machines we used were three: - The treadmill; - The stationary bicycle; - Mixed (comprising treadmill and bicycle effort). The final results have shown an increase in the effort capacity of the patients, the initial test results being clearly inferior to the ones in the final tests. All three types of physical therapy protocols used in the study are effective, triggering an improvement in the general effort capacity of the heart failure patients.
THE PROCESS AND VALIDATION OF METHANOL DETERMINATION FROM BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES BY MEANS OF A GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD TOGETHER WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY
Doina Moales(1), Adrian Florin Spac(1), Maria Prisecaru(2), Elena Butnaru(1)
In order to determine the methanol concentration, the biological samples (blood, tissues) were analyzed by an Agilent Technologies 7890 gas chromatograph with an Agilent Technologies 7683 Series automatic injector equipped with a Zebron – Phenomenex, ZB-WAX plus column (60 m x 0.25 mm, 0.25 µm), and Agilent Technologies 5975C inert MSD detector; data acquisition was made by SIM method. Data interpretation: Agilent Technologies ChemStation software. The temperature program begins from 50°C (constant for 16 minutes), after that. the temperature increase with 25°C/min up to 250°C, the mobile phase (He) with a debit of 1 ml/min. The source temperature is 230°C and the quadruple’s is 150 °C. In these conditions. the method is linear in the 5 – 20000 μg/mL range. the detection limit is 417.8 μg/mL, the quantification limits is 1266.1 μg/mL. There were determined: the system’s precision (RSD = 0.8748%), method precision (RSD = 4.6811%), intermediate precision (RSD = 4.1078 %); the accuracy was 98.0% in 93.2 – 102.8% range. Under these conditions, the methanol concentration was determined from biological samples, that is, blood and tissues.
DETERMINATION OF SOME NORMAL SERUM PARAMETERS IN JUVENILE STAGES OF THE OSSETRA STURGEON ACIPENSER GÜLDENSTAEDTI (BRANDT, 1833)
Tanţi Patriche(1), Neculai Patriche(2), Elena Bocioc(3), Marian Tiberiu Coada(3)
Being aware of the health condition of the biological material in a fish farm allows us to establish the preventive measures required to prevent spreading of a disease and the treatment to be applied in case that a mass disease occurs. That is why, to know the normal value of the serical glycemia, the total protein and the protein fractions in serum enables us to differentiate the normal physiological condition of the fish material under research from the eventual pathological modifications having occurred due to the defence reaction of the organism. The level of the serical glycemia, represents a high value marker indicator of the stress condition, while the level of total protein in serum is, first of all, a synthetical indicator of the nutritional condition of the organism. Most of the diseases have but little influence on the concentration of the total protein in the blood, but some influence on certain protein fractions, and they alter the ratio between albumins and globulins. A decrease below 0.3 in value of the ratio albumins/globulins in serum is significant for the health condition of fish.
THE ASSESSEMENT FOR SUITABILITY OF HABITATS FOR EUROPEAN BISON REINTRODUCTION IN THE VANATORI NEAMT NATURE PARK
Sebastian Cătănoiu
Based on previous studies (ICAS, the Zoological Society of London), in 2000, the Vanatori Neamt Nature Park (VNNP) was chosen as the place for the first reintroduction in freedom of the European bison, in the Romanian Carpathians (Deju, 2005). Even if the above mentioned studies reveal that VNNP, in general, is a suitable place for the reintroduction of the European bison and the future development of a free herd, the decision about the first releasing place inside VNNP requires a detailed analysis. Usually, the methodology to find the suitable habitats used GIS, high resolution satellite images and special softwares, involving high-skilled professionals’ support, time and financial resources. This kind of modelling is appropriate when large areas are studied and the quality of different options unclear. In cases where smaller areas are assessed and landscape and socioeconomic factors indicate few options, a more simple modeling for the location of suitable habitat is desired.
EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS IN THE PONTIC-CASPIAN PERACARIDA
Verginica Schröder
This morphological and genetic study is performed on several types of amphipods from coastal waters compared to species outside the Romanian Black Sea basin. The evaluation and interpretation of morphological characters highlighted that the group of romanian amphipod genera (Euxinia, Pontogammarus, Compactogammarus, Obesogammarus) are probably evolving. The separation of more primitive forms such as Echinogammarus and Dikerogammarus is confirmed by some aspects of molecular genetics analysis.
THE COMPARATIVE BIOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROOK, CORVUS FRUGILEGUS (L.) AND THE EUROPEAN JACKDAW, CORVUS MONEDULA (L.) REALIZED IN THE CITY OF IAŞI AND ITS SURROUNDINGS (THE IAŞI COUNTY)
Emanuel Târnoveanu
We present the results of the biometrical analysis made on a sample of 17 juvenile rooks, Corvus frugilegus (L.), captured in the city of Iaşi, during the emancipation period, between 11 th of May 2010 and 5 th of June 2010. Thirteen of these birds came from a nesting area situated in the northern part of the city, along the Boulevard Carol 1 st , between the buildings of Romanian Academy, Iaşi Branch and the Super Copou Store, where old trees are predominant. The rest of four individuals were captured from two poplar plantations, located in southeastern part of the city. Willing to gather metrical and weight related data, we captured 16 European jackdaw chicks, Corvus monedula (L.) from Tătăraşi, the neighborhood situated in the eastern part of the city of Iaşi, between 26 th of May 2010 and 30 th of the same month. This species usually build their nests inside the ventilation holes of the apartment houses. We choose to study Corvus frugilegus and Corvus monedula species together because the last one joins the first when looking for food, defending from predators and night aggregation.
FUNCTIONAL CORRELATIONS BETWEEN CELLULAR RESPIRATION AND SANGUINE PARAMETERS IN SOME CULTURE CYPRINIDS UNDER HYPOTHERMIC CONDITIONS
Costică Misăilă, Ion Neacşu, Gabriela Dumitru, Elena Rada Misăilă
The study provides information on the correlations established between cellular respiration and the hematological parameters, under the influence of prolonged starvation and hypothermy, during wintering, in three one summer-old culture cyprinids: common carp (Cyprinus carpio), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis). The intensity of cellular respiration in both gills and muscle, as well as the hematological parameters (hemoglobin, hematocryte and the number of erythrocytes), were determined prior to and after fish wintering. The observation to be made is that, under the influence of prolonged starvation and low winter temperatures, the consumption of cellular oxygen occurs (more pronounced in common carp - especially in muscles), correlated with higher values of the sanguine parameters (more intense in common carp and lower in bighead carp), mainly for Hb, Ht and erythrocyte number, which may be interpreted as an adaptive compensating response.
THE SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF EUROPEAN BISON HERDS IN ROMANIA
Răzvan Deju
Currently, in Romania, the number of European bisons counts 82 animals, all of them being recorded in the European Bison Pedigree Book. The animals belong to Lowland – Caucasian line and are from Romania, Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Austria and France. In the winter of 2010- 2011, the first releasing of animals in the wild by Vânători Neamt Nature Park Administration is expected o be achieved within a Structural Operational Program project.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE CONSERVATIVE FISH SPECIES IN THE NATURE 2000 NETWORK FROM ROMANIA
Luiza Florea
The purpose of this paper is to realize a bibliographical study on the way in which fish species of community interest are protected in Romania. The fish species that are threatened due to different natural and anthropical activities are protected according to laws in force, meaning the Law 13/1993 for the adhesion of Romania to the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, (Berne Convention, 19 September 1979) and the Law 462/2001 regarding the Management of Protected areas and the Conservation of Natural Habitats, Wild flora and fauna (The Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC and the Birds Directive 79/409/CEE). From the 273 SCIs (Site of Community Interest) that came into existence in Romania in 81 SCIs can be found community interest fish species. In this study, the distribution of these species, the number of species that are protected 64 in different sites, the whole number of fish species of community interest stated in the Romanian SCIs are presented and analyzed.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SOME BODILY INDICES AND COEFFICIENTS IN ARISTICHTHYS NOBILIS AND HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLITRIX OF VARIOUS AGES
Gabriela Dumitru(1), Costică Misăilă(1), Elena Ciornea(1)
The study analyzes comparatively some bodily indices and coefficients (profile index, Kiselev index, index of fleshy and the Fulton coefficients) in Aristichthys nobilis (bighead carp) and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp), from the first up to the fourth growth summer. The main objective of the investigation referred to the evaluation of the health condition of the piscicultural populations under analysis, evidenced by the most representative bodily indices and coefficients expressing the fish-breading maintenance, followed by the statistical processing of the results obtained. Thus, for each parameter in part, there were calculated mean error and standard deviation, median, mode, sample variance, range, mean confidence level (95%), as well as mean variation and precision coefficient. The analysis performed evidenced a harmonious development of the investigated populations, which showed good maintenance condition, in close correlation with the main physicochemical parameters of the growing media: water temperature, amount of oxygen dissolved in the water and water pH. On the basis of the values of the investigated parameters, we may conclude that individuals of Aristichthys nobilis species evidence the most pronounced corpulence, comparatively with the ones of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix in the first two stages of development and, at the same time, the best physiological condition starting with the second summer of growth up to the last stage of development under investigation.
SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF CAVE-DWELLING BATS AND CONSERVATION STATUS OF UNDERGROUND HABITATS IN MOLDOVA AND DOBROGEA (ROMANIA)
Irina Pocora(1), Viorel Pocora(2)
We investigated the distribution and abundance of the bats from the undergrounds in Moldavia and Dobrogea. Data was collected during 2002-2010. There were identified 20 species of bats (3-12 species/cave). In the undergrounds from Moldova area the dominating species are Myotis myotis/Myotis oxygnathus (71,5%), and in Dobrogea, Myotis oxygnathus (41,1%), Myotis daubentonii (24,1%), and Miniopterus schreibersii (16,7%). The most important underground shelter is the Bats Cave from Rarău Mountains, which hosts a wintering colony of 3500-3700 individuals of Myotis myotis/Myotis oxygnathus, and in the warm season shelters 10 species of bats. We analyzed the microclimate preferences (for temperature and humidity), during hibernation, at 15 species of bats. Nowadays, from the undergrounds studied, only the Bats Cave from Rarău has an adequate protection and some populations of bats are seriously threatened or have disappeared.
THE ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGE CAUSED THE EUROPEAN BISON TO FOREST TREE SPECIES WITHIN THE ACLIMATISATION ENCLOSURE OF THE VANATORI NEAMT NATURE PARK
Răzvan Deju(1), Sebastian Cătănoiu(2)
The future bison release in freedom in the VNNP’s area, estimated for 2011, represented the reason and the main object for this scientifical research. It is well-known that the damages produced by free European bison to forest ecosystems, especially for the forest tree species, represent one of the main ‘threats’ for the reintroduction program. For this research, in two consecutive years (2009 - 2010), we performed a complete assessment of the damaged trees for a surface of 45 ha inside the acclimatisation enclosure.
PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE GROW AND NUTRITION OF THE PHOXINUS PHOXINUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) IN THE PROTECTED AREA ROSCI0229 SIRIU
Luiza Florea
Phoxinus phoxinus (L.) named as European minnow or common minnow, is a very widespread species, is found across the Europe and Asia, from the Atlantic to the Pacific (Howes 1985, Banarescu 1990). Minnows are a common cyprinid species in lakes and rivers of the Palearctic region. It can live in a wide variety of habitats from cold and well oxygenated habitats from small, fast-flowing streams to large Nordic lowland rivers and from small upland lakes to large oligotrophic lakes. Usually occurs in association with salmonid fishes (Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007).
CONSIDERATION ON THE BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE FAUNA FROM THE DOAMNEI RIVER (ROMANIA)
Alina – Mihaela Vlăduţu
The paper presents data referring to the comparative structure of the benthic invertebrate fauna of the Doamnei River, in the sector Cernat – Dârmăneşti. In all sampling stations, the main elements specific to unpolluted mountain waters are constantly present: amphipods, ephemeropterans, plecopterans, trichopterans, simuliids, 103 chironomids, most of them being dominant groups. On the basis of relative abundance, the dominancy of the invertebrate groups is highlighted. In particular, the community structure of the mayflies larvae (group constantly dominant in all studied sites) is analyzed, being presented the list of the taxa, ecological spectrum, relative abundance, frequency and other ecological characteristics of the mayflies fauna.
RECENT DATA ON BENTHAL COMMUNITIES FROM THE SHALLOW ZONE OF MANGALIA LAKE - MILITARY PORT
Manuela Diana Samargiu(1), Gabriela Mihaela Paraschiv(1), Daciana Sava(1), Marian Paiu(1)
The current study presents data from research conducted in Mangalia military port, in the period November 2008 - February, March, and April 2009. An analysis of percentage composition of the invertebrates’ populations is done in the paper. Taxa belonging to at least 10 major groups were found, either on mobile substrata, either on rocky one, sometimes covered with macrophyte algae. The data were used in the evaluation of some synecological indices, as frequency (F %), average density (D avg ind. • m-²), for each of the studied stations. Correlation between variation of the number of taxa and density depending on type of substrata was done. The ecological significance index WD and its correlation with the rank was also calculated, showing that, in the studied area, oligochaetes, nematodes and harpacticoids are considered as characteristic groups, holding, in order, the first three ranks.
RESEARCH ON HARMFUL FAUNA REDUCTION BY CHEMICAL METHOD IN CORN AGROECOSYSTEMS
Georgeta Costea(1), Victor Ciochia(1)
Currently the role of agriculture is becoming more important in maintaining ecological balance by practicing rational technologies of culture. The first measure is to reduce the number of treatments in agroecosistem. This can be sufficiently achieved by stimulating elements in the regulation of biocontrol agroecosystems and not its destruction by the excessive use of insecticides. In maize crops, seed protection against pests is the starting point in achieving the desired results. The research was conducted Clinceni - Ilfov, for one year and consisted of laboratory and field experiments on pest control measures in time of the maize crop. The results showed the benefits of using an integrated maize crop protection means.
RESEARCH ABOUT SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA FROM THE SIRET RIVER
Dumitra Răducanu(1), Octaviţa Ailiesei(2)
With a length of 596 km in the country, Siret River is one of the most important river in the N -E of Romania. In the 5 km downstream from the Bacau city, the Siret River collects Bistrita River water. In this paper, were determined quantitatively several groups of bacteria with implications in the carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, sulfur cycle and aerobic/anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria in 2009. The water and sediment samples were collected upstream and downstream of the Bacau city from:downstream Basta village, Dragesti, the Siret River near Bacau /CIC area, the Siret River after the confluence with the Bistrita River and upstream of the Racaciuni lake. From the analysis performed was observed a seasonal evolution for all groups of bacteria analyzed with a maximum development in the warm season.
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE FISH COMMUNITIES IN THE CATCHMENT OF RIVER GURGHIU
Ramona Pintilieasa(1), Dorel Ureche(2), Alina Diaconescu(3)
The aim of this study, which was carried out on the main course of River Gurghiu and on some of its tributaries over the year 2009. was to assess the state of the fish communities in the basin of River Gurghiu, and also to highlight significant changes in fish communities. 12 native fish species were found, with an amount of 469 individuals and 4941.5 g. Based on the ecological indices of the fish associations, two fish zones were found in the catchment of the River Gurghiu: brown trout zone and mediterranean barbel zone. Biodiversity in the sampling sites is variable. The highest value of biodiversity index was found on the main course of the River Gurghiu in 2009. The biological integrity index has recorded high values, corresponding with the first integrity class (excellent) in the most of the sampling sites. The overall state of the fish communities in the catchment of River Gurghiu is very well. Consequently, the fish populations have a good self-support capacity.
THE EVOLUTION AND TENDENCIES OF THE QUALITY OF WATER IN SIRET RIVER BASIN IN ROMANIA, IMPORTANT BRANCH OF THE DANUBE HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN
Dan Dăscăliţa
The Siret River Basin is located in Eastern Romania, occupying most of the Moldovian Provence. It springs from the Carpathian Forests in Ukraine and flows into the Danube after a route of 726 km. The total area of the Siret River Basin is 47610 km 2 and the multiannual average flow at the confluence with the Danube is 240m 3 /s. On the Romanian territory, the length of the Siret River is 590 km and the catchment area is 42890 km 2 . The basic characteristics of the hydrological regime are determined by the large share of mountain affluents, located on the right side: Suceava river (L = 173 km, S = 2643 km 2 ), Moldova River (L = 213 km, S = 4299 km 2 ), Bistrita River (L = 283 km, S = 7039 km 2 ), Trotus River (L = 162 km, S = 4456 km 2 ), Putna River (L = 153 km, S = 2480 km 2 ), Ramnicu Sarat River (L = 137 km, S = 1063 km 2 ) and Buzau River (L = 302 km, S = 5264 km 2 ). The only important affluent on the left side of the Siret River is Barlad River (L = 207 km, S = 7220km 2 ), which drains the plateau areas. Most of the Siret River basin located in Romania is administrated by the Directorate of Siret Waters (27 402 km 2 ), the remaining pool being administrated by the Water Directorate Buzau - Ialomita (BH Buzau with other small affluents on the right side of the Lower Siret River) and Prut Water Directorate (BH Barlad and several smaller affluents on the left side of the lower Siret River). Siret River is the second longest river (after Prut River) flowing into the Danube, close to the city of Galati (over 300 000 inhabitants). In the confluence section, Danube has a multiannual average flow of 6000 m 3 /s, which means over 24 times more than the flow of Siret River. In this paper I will present a succinct evolution of the quality of water in Siret River, between 1995 and 2011, and a tendency of this water quality, from the river’s entrance on Romanian territory until its flow into the Danube. The study about the Siret River water quality is based on data collected by the Directorate of Siret Waters, where I have been working for the past 20 years. To anticipate the water quality tendencies, I took into account the following: - the results from water quality monitoring between 1995 and 2011; - the tendencies of demographic and economic development in the Siret River Basin; - the constraints regarding water pollution reduction, so that any section of the river has good quality water, according to the main purpose of 60/2000/CE Directive, issued by the European Parliament and the European Union Council.
ASSESSING THE ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF THE MOLDOVA RIVER BY THE EUROPEAN FISH INDEX (EFI+) AND THE INDEX OF BIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY (IBI)
Ferdinand Pricope(1), Ionuţ Stoica(1), Bogdan Vornicu(1), Werner Klaus Battes(1), Dorel Ureche(1)
In order to assess the general ecolological status of river bodies, both the Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) and the European Fish Index (EFI+) can be successfully employed with similar results. These indices prove that Moldova River and its tributaries have a good ecological status and are not affected by anthropogenic activities. For the fish zoning of watercourses, the calculation of the Index of Biological Integrity seems to provide more realistic results, due to the fact that it considers the species structure of the inchtyocoenoses, as well as their abundance and dominance in the sampling stations.
THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE INVERTEBRATES COMMUNITIES IN SOME BIOLOGICAL CULTURES IN SCDL BACAU
Roxana Elena Voicu(1), Camelia Ureche(1)
The monitoring of the species with harmful potential is very important because it allows to acknowledge the level of development of the germs aand of the pests and the understanding of biological cycles of the pests allows the proper intervention in the most adequate moments for stopping or limiting the destructive effects of pests on the agricultural crops. Studiile şi practica referitoare la dăunătorii culturilor agricole şi combaterea acestora au demonstrat că dăunătorii autohtoni, care sunt foarte bine adaptaţi condiţiilor climatice nu pot fi eradicaţi şi de aceea controlul dăunătorilor se referă în mod deosebit la monitorizarea acestora şi menţinerea lor sub limita pragului economic de dăunare. The study and the experience regarding the pests of agricultural crops and their control have proved that the local pests, which are very well adapted to climate conditions can’t be eradicated and this is the reason why the pests’ control refers especially to their monitoring and maintaining the number of individuals under the limit of economical threshold of injury. The study on the invertebrates’ communities in some biological cultures in SCDL Bacau, performed during a period of four months, June – September 2007, has aimed at monitoring the pests and the useful fauna for applying some preventive and curative measures of limiting the pests’ attacks. In the four studied cultures there were identified 35 taxons of invertebrates belonging to different systematic groups (2242 individuals). In the biological agriculture, preventive and curative measures of limiting the pests’ attacks are adopted, especially in the case of vegetable plants, measures that, besides the improvement of the agricultural work, seek to identify the useful fauna (animal feeders) and to protect and encourage their breeding. Within the study we performed, the greatest percentage of useful fauna registered during the whole period of research was in the celery culture, followed by the ones measured in the dill, parsley and violet tomatoes cultures.
THE STATUS OF THE FISH COMMUNITIES FROM THE RIVERS CALU - IAPA, TRIBUTARIES OF THE LOWER BISTRITA RIVER
Ionuţ Stoica(1), Ferdinand Pricope(1), Klaus Werner Battes(1)
This paper reflects the current state of ichthyofauna in the research made in Bistrita River Basin, regarding the inventory of the fish species that inhabit the rivers Calu and Iapa, right tributaries of the river Bistrita. The data obtained by us were compared with those existing in the literature (Bănărescu P., 1964) to capture changes recorded in the structure of the fish communities after the human impact appeared during 1960 and up to present. So, there were made investigations regarding the composition in the species, the fisheries of these rivers through the calculation of the ecological index, and the determination of the index of biologic integrity (IBI), which reflects best the actual state of the fish population from these ecosystems.
Anniversaries & Commemorations
Ghiorghiţă Gogu
It was the beginning of 1980. The ones who knew him, remembers the famous general meetings with the employees from Romania, before 1990, which were meant to be a survey time and also a moment of setting up new directions of action for the development of institutions and enterprises. Those were not very popular moments for the employees due to the fact that they were formal, pompous, and sometime full of reproaches for the people in charge with the leadership of the economic institutions and enterprises. Only the people active in the ruling party maybe agreed these meetings believing in their mobilizing effect over the working “people masses”. Back then we were working in a scientific research institution that belonged to The Center of Biological Research Iasi, whose laboratories and offices were placed in The Faculty of Biology, University „Al. I. Cuza” from Iasi. It was launched the so called triad “education-research-production”, which could meant something if it was supported with the proper material and logistic issues, but in fact it was just a slogan, as formal as the meetings we previously spoke about. The lack of a proper financing, the poor endowment of labs, the lack of scientific documentations, of stages of forming and specialization of young researchers made this empty of any content (unfortunately now, after 20 years of freedom and democracy the things are even worst than then).
BEYOND AND ACROSS SCIENCES, LANGUAGES AND CULTURES <br/> CONCEPTUAL MODELS FOR ANIMAL SIMILES AND METAPHORS
Nadia Nicoleta Morăraşu(1), Gabriela Andrioai(2)
This paper focuses upon animal-related linguistic expressions that are metaphorical in nature and approaches them from a cognitivelinguistic perspective. The corpus and semantic analyses we have conducted have shown that a large number of animal terms have metaphorical meanings and uses, whereas most similes explicitly state the vehicle and different aspects or properties of this vehicle.